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Page 1 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Shawn E. Abrell, WSB No. 41054, Pro Hac Vice
4614 SW Kelly Avenue, Suite 200, Portland, Oregon 97239
Tel.: 971.258.0333; Fax: 503.222.0693
E-Mail: shawn.e.abrell@gmail.com
Lead Counsel for Plaintiffs
Tyl W. Bakker, OSB No. 90200
621 SW Alder, Suite 621, Portland, Oregon 97205
Tel.: 503.244.4157; Fax: 503.220.1913
E-Mail: tylbakker@gmail.com
Local Counsel for Plaintiffs
United States District Court
District of Oregon
Portland Division
AHM, by and through
her Guardian ad litem and father,
David Mark Morrison, and
David Mark Morrison, individually,
v.
Portland Public Schools,
Defendant.
Civil Action No. 3:11-cv-00739-MO
Amended Declaration of
Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
I, Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D., under penalty of perjury pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1746,
hereby make the following declaration in support of an injunction against Portland Public Schools’
use of WI-FI:
Page 2 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
1. I am a public health physician, educated at Harvard Medical School. My current title
is Director of the Institute for Health and the Environment at the University at Albany and
Professor of Environmental Health Sciences within the School of Public Health. Formerly, I was the
Dean of the School of Public Health at the University of Albany and the Director of the
Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research of the New York State Department of Health.
2. I served as the Executive Secretary to the New York State Powerlines Project in
the 1980s, a program of research that showed children living in homes with elevated magnetic
fields coming from powerlines suffered from an elevated risk of developing leukemia. After this
I became the spokesperson on electromagnetic field (EMF) issues for the state during the time of
my employment in the Department of Health. I have published several reviews on the subject
and have edited two books.
3. I am a Co-Editor and a Contributing Author of the BioInitiative: A Rationale for
a Biologically-based Public Exposure Standard for Electromagnetic Fields (ELF and RF),
www.bioinitative.org. It documents bioeffects, adverse health effects and public health
conclusions about impacts of electromagnetic radiation (electromagnetic fields including
extremely-low frequency ELF-EMF and radiofrequency /microwave or RF-EMF fields).
The public health chapter from this report was subsequently published in a peer-reviewed
journal.
4. Additionally, I am a Co-Author of Setting Prudent Public Health Policy for
Electromagnetic Field Exposures, Reviews on Environmental Health, Volume 23, No 2, 2008,
attached as Addendum A-2.
5. In addition, in 2009, I was invited to present to the President’s Cancer Panel on
the subject of powerline and radiofrequency fields and cancer, and have testified on this issue
before the Unite States House of Representatives.
6. In sum, I am a public health physician, professor and former public health school
Dean with expertise in electrophysiology, low-frequency electromagnetic fields bioeffects, and
Page 3 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
radiofrequency (RF) and microwave (MW) radiation bioeffects.
7. WI-FI deploys pulse-modulated (“PM”) microwave (“MW”) radiation (within the
larger RF radiation spectrum) with a carrier frequency that is similar to that used by a microwave
oven: about 2.45 GHz. This is the “Agent”. The 2.45 GHz frequency was chosen for the oven
because of its wavelength and harmonic resonance with the water molecule, to ensure the most
efficient absorption by living tissues and effective heating by way of the agitation of water at the
molecular level. The pulse-modulation of a wave with lower frequencies in addition to the highfrequency
carrier signal, increases the exposure complexity and in turn the bioeffects in an exposed
population.
8. In the context of school development, WI-FI exposes building occupants including
children and adults constantly from both computers and infrastructure antennas. Duration may be an
even more potent contributing factor to RF/MW radiation bioeffects than exposure levels. Chronic,
such as all-day, school exposure, is more likely than short and intermittent exposure, such as cell
phone use, to produce harmful health effects, and is likely to do so at lower exposure levels.
9. Persons stationed close to school computers with WI-FI and especially those very
near to any WI-FI infrastructure will receive considerably higher exposure than do others.
10. It is generally accepted within the relevant scientific community and has been
established beyond any reasonable doubt that adverse human health effects occur at far lower levels
of RF/MW radiation exposure than those that cause noticeable heating, particularly where the
wavelength approaches body-part size and thus maximizes absorption, where the wavelength has
resonance with the water molecule, where there is more complex, modulated wave, where there is
chronic exposure duration, and where exposed persons lack the capacity voluntarily to remove
themselves from radiation sources.
11. Some effects are shown to occur at several hundred thousand times below the FCC
public exposure guidelines, which are set based on the fallacious assumption that there are no
adverse health effects at exposures that do not cause easily measureable heating. FCC guidelines
Page 4 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
also only apply to 30-minute public exposures; therefore do not even infer safety at durations >30
minutes, such as in a school setting.
12. Exposure to high-frequency RF and MW radiation and also the extreme low
frequency (ELF) EM fields that accompany WI-FI exposure have been linked to a variety of
adverse health outcomes. Some of the many adverse effects reported to be associated with and/or
caused by ELF fields and/or RF/MW radiation include neurologic, endocrine, immune, cardiac,
reproductive and other effects, including cancers.
13. Studies of isolated cells have shown that RF/MW exposures may cause changes
in cell membrane function, cell communication, metabolism, activation of proto-oncogenes, and
can trigger the production of stress proteins at exposure levels below FCC guidelines and also at
and less than school WI-FI exposure levels and parameters. Resulting effects in cellular studies
include without limitation DNA breaks and chromosome aberrations, cell death including death
of brain neurons, increased free radical production, activation of the endogenous opioid system,
cell stress and premature aging.
14. Human studies of comparable RF/MW radiation parameters show changes in
brain function including memory loss, retarded learning, performance impairment in children,
headaches and neurodegenerative conditions, melatonin suppression and sleep disorders, fatigue,
hormonal imbalances, immune dysregulation such as allergic and inflammatory responses,
cardiac and blood pressure problems, genotoxic effects like miscarriage, cancers such as
childhood leukemia, childhood and adult brain tumors, and more.
15. There is consistent evidence for increased incidence of effects in individuals who
live near to high-power short-wave, AM, FM and TV transmission towers. This is particularly
relevant because, like WI-FI, radio-TV transmission towers give continuous, whole-body
radiation, not just radiation to the head, constantly.
16. Since WI-FI transmitters, both infrastructural and on computers, are indoors,
where children and teachers may be very close by, and since WI-FI, at 2.45 GHz, deploys a
Page 5 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
wavelength, at ~12.2 cm or ~ 4.8 inches, more absorbable by children’s and adults’ bodies and
brains than radio-TV wavelengths, the harmfulness of WI-FI radiation likely exceeds that of
radio-TV towers.
17. Like second-hand smoke, EMF and RF/MW radiation involve complex mixtures,
where different frequencies, intensities, durations of exposure(s), modulation, waveform and
other factors are known to produce variable effects, often more harmful with greater complexity.
Decades of scientific study have produced substantial evidence that EMF and RF/MW radiation
may be considered neurotoxic, carcinogenic and genotoxic. Sources of fields and radiation, but
are not limited to: power lines, navigational radar, cell phones, cordless phones
[or Digitally Encoded Cordless Transmission Devices (D.E.C.T.) phones], cell towers, ‘smart’
meters and their grids or infrastructure, “smart” boards, meters and grids, WiMax and wireless
internet (WI-FI).
18. The RF/MW radiation and low-frequency EMF science that currently exists
includes tens of thousands of studies dating back to the 1920s. On the basis of this vast body of
literature, many public health experts believe, myself included, that it is likely society will face
epidemics of neurotoxic effects and degeneration, cancers and genotoxicity in the future,
resulting from the extreme and mostly involuntary exposure to RF/MW radiation and EMFs.
WI-FI radiation in schools exceeds natural background levels of microwave radiation by trillions
of times. Thus, it is important that all of us restrict our use of cell phones, and be as free as
possible from exposure to unnatural, background sources of MW radiation, particularly WI-FI.
19. In public health science, it is generally accepted fact that vulnerable subgroups exist
within any human population. This is also recognized specifically for RF/MW radiation and fields.
These groups include children, pregnant women, the elderly and those with preexisting illnesses
and/or impairments. Children are more vulnerable to RF/MW radiation because of the susceptibility
of their developing nervous systems. RF/MW penetration is greater relative to head size in children,
who have a greater absorption of RF/MW energy in the tissues of the head at WI-FI frequencies.
Page 6 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Such greater absorption results because children’s skulls are thinner, their brains smaller, and their
brain tissue is more conductive than those of adults, and since it has a higher water content and ion
concentrations. The Presidential Cancer Panel found that children ‘are at special risk due to their
smaller body mass and rapid physical development, both of which magnify their vulnerability to
known carcinogens, including radiation.’
http://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/advisory/pcp/annualReports/pcp08-09rpt/PCP_Report_08-09_508.pdf
20. FCC public RF/MW radiation exposure guidelines are based on the height, weight
and stature of a 6-foot tall man, not children or adults of smaller stature. The guidelines do not
take into account the unique susceptibility of growing children to exposures. Since children are
growing, their rate of cellular activity and division is more rapid, and they are at more risk for
DNA damage and subsequent cancers. Growth and development of the central nervous system is
still occurring well into the teenage years, such that the neurological impairments predictable by
the extant science may have great impact upon development, cognition, learning, and behavior.
Prenatal exposure has been identified as a risk factor for childhood leukemia, and is associated
with miscarriage. Children are largely unable to remove themselves from exposures to harmful
substances in their environments. Their exposure is involuntary.
21. When WI-FI is in operation in a school, children and their parents have no choice but
to allow the school to expose them to trillions of times higher microwave radiation than exists
naturally on Earth at the same frequencies. Children and other building users are exposed to as much
as 30-40 hours per week of constant, digitally encoded WI-FI signals from each wireless device and
infrastructural antenna in a school building. Based upon a review of the Mount Tabor WI-FI Floor
Plan, a given child is subject to direct signals from multiple WI-FI transmitters, including rooms full
of students and teachers transmitting numerous laptop and other wireless signals. There is a major
legal difference between an exposure that an individual chooses to accept and one that is forced
upon a person, especially a dependent, who can do nothing about it.
Page 7 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
22. WI-FI in the Portland Schools deploys similar PM MW radiation, at 2.45 and
5 GHz, to that of cell and cordless phones and their infrastructure. There is clear and strong
evidence that intensive use of cell phones increases incidence of brain cancer, tumors of the
auditory nerve, and cancer of the parotid gland, the salivary gland in the cheek by the ear. Cell
and cordless phone radiation closely resembles that of WI-FI radiation exposure, except that WIFI
is more hazardous by way of frequency, duration, and the involuntary nature of exposure.
While a cell or cordless phone is used only intermittently and primarily voluntarily, a WI-FI
radiation microenvironment is constant in duration, with unavoidable radiation exposure even
when nearby students are not actively using it. Because WI-FI radiation is essentially the same
as, but more hazardous than, that for cell and cordless phones, there is every reason to
understand that the health effects will be the same or worse, varying in relation to the total dose
of radiation, and intensified by the constancy of duration. There is evidence from Scandinavian
studies of cell phone usage that children who use cell phones are about five times more likely to
develop brain cancer than if their usage starts as an adult. Thus, it is especially necessary to
protect children from pulse-modulated MW radiation such as both cell phones and WI-FI deploy.
23. Based on a high degree of scientific certainty, Portland Public Schools’ use of WI-FI
is causing and will continue to cause AHM, other students, and school staff and faculty adverse
health effects, and should be discontinued immediately. Educating by way of the Internet via cabled
systems only decreases MW radiation exposure and is of minimal expense.
24. Having reviewed hundreds, possibly thousands, of studies in RF/MW radiation and
ELF fields, published from decades ago to the present, I would provide you the following primary
evidence, without limitation. Due to the active suppression of the RF/MW literature, some
researchers in public health science are less aware of these studies. However, the forefront experts
specializing in these areas, RF/MW radiation and ELF fields, recognize the certainties in this large
body of scientific literature, which establishes without limitation that PM MW radiation with chronic
duration is quite harmful to humans, particularly children, as well as to animals and plants.
Page 8 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
25. It is not surprising that even as of 1990, the US Environmental Protection Agency
(“EPA”) had determined RF/MW radiation a “probable carcinogen”. Now that we have much
more confirming study in the interim, the conclusion is yet more certain. And when we focus on
MW radiation, particularly pulse-modulated radiation, on long, non-intermittent duration and on
more vulnerable subgroups such as children, we see that the cancer outcome is very certain,
indeed. Amongst the epidemiologic studies showing cancer outcomes, the following are
particularly strong:
a. Dode AC, Leao M, Tejo FdeAF, gomes ACR, Dode DC, Dode MC,
Moreira CW, Condessa VA, Albinatti C and Calaffa WT. Mortality by neoplasia
and cellular telephone base stations in the Belo Horizonte municipality, Minas
Gerais State, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 409: 3649-3665:2011. This study shows
higher rates of cancer in people living close to cell phone towers than for people
living further away. Cell phone radiation is similar to but likely not as harmful as
2.45 GHz radiation from WI-FI. The exposure levels in this study are lower than
those that Portland school building occupants receive from WI-FI.
b. Oberfeld G. Environmental Epidemiology Study of Cancer Incidence in
the Municipalities of Hausmannstatten & Vasoldsberg (Austria), 2008. This
government-commissioned study found significantly increased cancer risk
relative to a lower-exposure reference category, 23x higher for breast cancer and
121x higher for brain tumors, with strong exposure-effect relations.
c. Michelozzi P, Capon A, Kirchmayer U, Forastiere F, Biggeri A, Barca A
and Perucci CA. Adult and childhood leukemia near a high-power radiostation
in Rome, Italy. Am J Epidemiol. 155: 1098-1103: 2002. The authors show that
there is a significant elevation of childhood leukemia among residents living near
to Vatican Radio, and that the risk declines with distance away from the
transmitter. This is RF radiation in frequencies similar to that of WI-FI.
Page 9 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
d. Ha M, Im H, Lee M, Kim HJ, Kim BC, Gimm YM and Pack JK. Radiofrequency
radiation exposure from AM radio transmitters and childhood leukemia
and brain cancer. Am J Epidemiol 166: 270-279: 2007. Leukemia and brain
cancer in children in Korea were investigated in relation to residence within 2 km
of AM radio transmitters. There was a significant elevation in rates of leukemia
but not of brain cancer. WI-FI radiation is more harmful than AM.
e. Park SK, Ha M, Im HJ. Ecological study on residences in the vicinity of
AM radio broadcasting towers and cancer death: preliminary observations in
Korea. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2004 Aug:77(6):387-94. This study
found higher mortality areas for all cancers and leukemia in some age groups in
the area near the AM towers.
f. Hallberg O. Johansson O. Med Sci Monit 2004 Jul;10(7):CR336-40.
Malignant melanoma of the skin – not a sunshine story! Increased incidence and
mortality from skin melanoma are concluded to result from continuous
disturbances of cell repair mechanisms by body-resonant EMFs from FM/TV
networks.
g. Hallberg O. Johansson O. 2005. FM Broadcasting exposure time and
malignant melanoma incidence, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 24;1-8.
Age-specific incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin is related to FM
broadcasting radiation at whole-body resonant frequencies. This is very relevant
to children, since the smaller wavelengths of WI-FI are at resonant frequencies
with dimensions of the human head, particularly the child’s head.
h. Dolk H, Shaddick G, Walls P, Grundy C, Thakrar B, Kleinschmidt I,
Elliot P. Cancer Incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. I
– Sutton-Colfield transmitter, and II. Al high-power transmitters. Am J Epidemiol
1997; 145(1):1-9 and 10-17. In the first study, there was a statistically significant
Page 10 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
increase in cancer; in the second, a small but significant increase in adult
leukemia.
i. Hocking B, Gordon IR, Grain HL, Harfield GE. Cancer incidence and
mortality and proximity to TV towers. Medical J of Australia. 165:601-605. At
extremely low exposure levels, there was an association between increased
childhood leukemia incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers. TV
radiation, in the VHF and UHF bands, is similar to but not as harmful as WI-FI
radiation at 2.45 GHz.
j. Grayson JK. Radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and brain tumor
risk in the US Air Force: A nested case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 1996;
143:480-6. This study found an association between exposure to ELF and
RF/MW radiation and brain tumors.
k. Szmigielski S. Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to
high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation. Sci
Total Environ 1996;180:9-17. This study showed huge increases in leukemia and
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Though exposure levels are higher in this study than
they would be with school WI-FI, it is possible that certain students or teachers
stationed immediately next to the WI-FI infrastructure could receive comparable
levels in radiation peaks.
26. Additional studies show neurologic, immune, endocrine, reproductive and
cardiac, adverse health effects from low-dose, chronic exposure to RF/MW radiation in humans:
a. Papageorgiou CC, Hountala CD, Maganioti AE, Kyprianou MA,
Rabavilas AD, Papadimitriou GN, Capsalis CN. Effects of WI-FI signals on the
p300 component of event-related potentials during an auditory hayling task. J
Integr Neurosci 2011 Jun;10(2):189-202. This study concludes that WI-FI
exposure may exert gender-related alterations on neural activity.
Page 11 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
b. Altpeter ES, Roosli M et al. Effect of Short-wave magnetic fields on sleep
quality and melatonin cycle in humans: The Schwarzenburg shut-down study.
Bioelectromagnetics 27:142-150, 2006. Sleep quality improved and melatonin
excretion increased when the transmitter was shut down.
c. Abelin T et al. Sleep disturbances in the vicinity of the short-wave
braoadcast transmitter Schwarzenburg. Somnologie 9:203-209, 2005. There is
strong evidence of a causal relationship between operation of a short-wave radio
transmitter and sleep disturbances in the surrounding population.
d. Hutter HP et al. Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive
performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations. Occup Environ
Med 2006;63:307-313, 2006. There was a significant relation of some symptoms,
especially headaches, to measured power density, as well as effects on wellbeing
and performance.
e. Preece AW, Georgious AG, Duunn EJ, Farrow SC. Occup Environ Med
2007 Jun;64(6):402-8. Compared to control village, there were highly significant
differences in the reporting of migraine, headache and dizziness military and cell
phone antenna systems.
f. Buchner K, Eger, H. Changes of clinically important neurotransmitters
under the influence of modulated RF fields – a long-term study under real-life
conditions. Umwelt-Medizin-Gesellschaft 24(1):44-57, 2011. There is clear
evidence of health-relevant effects, including increase in
adrenaline/noradrenaline, subsequent decrease in dopamine from a new MWemitting
base station. During counterregulation, trace amine PEA decreased and
remained decreased. Clinically documented increases in sleep problems,
cephalgia, vertigo, concentration problems and allergies followed the onset of
new microwave transmissions.
Page 12 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
g. Eliyahu I, Luria R, Hareuveny R, Margaliot M, Neiran N and Shani G .
Effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted by cellular telephones on the
cognitive functions of humans. Bioelectromagnetics 27: 119-126: 2006. A total
of 36 human subjects were exposed to PM MW and were tested on four distinct
cognitive tasks. Exposure to the left side of the brain slows left-hand response
time in three of the four tasks.
h. Barth A, Winker R, Ponocny-Seliger E, Mayrhofer W, Ponocny I, Sauter
C and Vana N. Occup Environ Med 65: 342-345: 2008. A meta-analysis for
neurobehavioural effects due to electromagnetic field exposure emitted by GSM
mobiile phones. The authors looked at 19 studies of cognitive function in cell
phone users, and found in the meta-analysis that there is evidence for a decreased
reaction time, altered working memory and increased number of errors in exposed
persons.
i. Augner C, Hacker GW, Oberfeld G, Florian M, Hitzl W, Hutter J and
Pauser G. Effects of exposure to base station signals on salivary cortisol, alphaamylase
and immunoglobulin A. Biomed Environ Scie 23: 199-207: 2010. This
was a human experimental study with exposure to PM MW radiation wherein
immune indicators were monitored after five 50-minute sessions. The researchers
found dose-dependent changes in cortisol and alpha-amylase.
j. Avendano C, Mata A, Sanchex Sarimiento CA and Doncel GF. Use of
laptop computers connected to internet through WI-FI decreases human sperm
motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fert Steril, 2012, In press. In
this study human sperm were exposed to WI-FI from a laptop, and were found to
show reduced motility after a 4-hour exposure. The results are consistent with
other publications (see Agarwal et al., Fert Steril 89: 124-128: 2008) that reported
that those who use cell phone regularly have reduced sperm count.
Page 13 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
k. Baste V, Riise T and Moen BE (2008) Int J Epidemiol 23: 369-377:
2008. Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: male infertility and sex ratio of
offspring. This is a study of Norwegian Navy personnel chronically exposed to
RF fields on the job. The rates of infertility were related to level of exposure in a
dose-dependent fashion.
27. Many toxicologic and other animal studies, of which the following are but a few,
support conclusions of cancer, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and other health outcomes from
RF/MW radiation.
a. Sinha R. Chronic non-thermal exposure of modulated 2450 MHz
microwave radiation alters thyroid hormones and behavior of male rats. Int. J.
Radiation Biol. 84:6:505-513, 2008. This study of 2.45 GHz at levels and
durations comparable to and less than those of school WI-FI concluded that the
radiation was sufficient to alter the levels of thyroid hormone as well as emotional
reactivity compared to controls.
b. Nittby H, Grafstrom G, Tian DP, Malmgren L, Brun A, Persson BRR,
Salfor LG and Eberhardt J. Bioelectromagnetics 29: 219-232: 2008. This study
showed cognitive impairment in rats after long-term exposure to PM MW
radiation. This is study of rats shows that after 2 hours per week for 55 weeks
there was impaired memory for objects in exposed as compared to sham animals.
c. Kimmel S et al. Electromagnetic radiation: Influences on honeybees (Apis
mellifera). A significant difference between non-exposed and fully irradiated bees
was the result of the influence of high-frequency PM RF/MW radiation.
d. Panagopoulos DJ et al. Bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation in relation
to its intensity or distance from the antenna. Int. J Radiat Biol, 86;(5):345-357,
2010. The PM MW radiations at 900 and 1800 MHz decreased the reproductive
capacity by cell death induction, with an increased bioactivity “window” at 10
Page 14 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
uW/cm2, and still evident down to 1 uW/cm2.
e. Everaert J, Bauwens D. A possible effect of electromagnetic radiation
from mobile phone base stations on the number of breeding house sparrow
(passer domesticus). Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 26:63-72, 2007.
Long-term exposure to higher-level low-intensity PM MW radiation negatively
affects the abundance or behavior of House Sparrows in the wild.
f. Magras I, Xenos T. RF Radiation-Induced Changes in the Prenatal
Development of Mice. Bioelectromagnetics 18:455-461, 1997. Near almost 100
TV and FM broadcast transmitters, with exposure levels between 0.168 uW/cm2
and 1.053 uW/cm2, found in the more exposed groups testicular damage and
decreasing size of litters to irreversible infertility.
g. Balmori A. Electromagnetic pollution from phone masts. Effects on
wildlife, Pathophysiology 2009. This large review of wildlife effects concludes,
“pulsed telephony microwave radiation can produce effects on nervous,
cardiovascular, immune and reproductive systems,” including damage to the
nervous system by altering EEG and changes to the blood-brain barrier,
disruption of the circadian rhythms (sleep-wake) by interfering with the pineal
gland and hormonal imbalances, changes in heart ate and blood pressure,
impairment of health and immunity towards pathogens, weakness, exhaustion,
growth problems, problems in building the nest or impaired fertility, embryonic
development, hatching percentage, genetic and developmental problems,
problems of locomotion, promotion of tumors and more.
28. Exposure thresholds for harmful effects are lowered in human populations and
individuals when duration is increased. Due to the variability of thresholds for harmful effects
both in the population and within the individual, there is no exposure power density that is safe.
The School’s WI-FI deploys arguably the worst possible frequency of 2.45 GHz, that of the
Page 15 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
microwave oven, worst because it is most absorbable by the brain and most resonant with the
water molecule, such that:
a. absorption-per-exposure is maximized, dramatically lowering effects
thresholds for population and individual effects; and
b. water molecules in tissues and cells are highly agitated.
Curry, Ph.D., Wireless LANs in the schoolroom
29. This above graph, from physicist William Curry PhD’s presentation Wireless LANs
in the Schoolroom, shows how absorption in brain tissue (grey matter) increases exponentially
toward the ultra-high frequency (UHF) area of the microwave oven and WI-FI.
30. In the case of the Portland Schools, the additional, unused but still deployed carrier
frequency of 5 GHz would likely increase absorption in other, smaller organs, such as the thyroid.
Page 16 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
31. The graph also illustrates the problem with the drive of the wireless industry toward
ever higher frequencies within the cm microwave band. While nearly all the lower frequency bands
have already been allocated by the FCC for specific types of radio transmissions, and transmission
of ever more information content on any given channel requires greater bandwidth, each new
deployment undermines further the integrity of the population’s health. Engineers who design these
systems have no training that would qualify them to consider the effects on biologic systems, which
is why public health scientists need to be called in to policymaking prior to contracting and
deployment, not after the fact.
32. The following studies explain the mechanisms of interaction between RF/MW
radiation and biologic systems at the cellular level.
a. The cell membrane recognition process — which includes signal
transduction and ‘heat-shock protein’ release — was first discerned by Litovitz
and his co-workers at Catholic University of America in the mid-1990s.
Below are a few citations that make the point.
i. Litovitz, T., C. Montrose, et al. (1994). “Superimposing spatially
coherent electromagnetic noise inhibits field induced abnormalities
in developing chick embryos.” Bioelectromagnetics 15(2): 105-
113.
ii. DiCarlo, A., J. Farrell, et al. (1998). “A simple experiment to study
electromagnetic field effects: Protection induced by short term
exposures to 60 Hz magnetic fields.” Bioelectromagnetics 19(8):
498-500.
iii. Penafiel, L., T. Litovitz, et al. (1997). “Role of modulation on the
effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929
Page 17 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
cells.” Bioelectromagnetics 18(2): 132-141.
iv. Dicarlo, A. L., Michael T. Hargis, L. Miguel Penafiel, Theodore A.
Litovitz, A. (1999). “Short-term magnetic field exposures (60Hz)
induce protection against ultraviolet radiation
damage.” International journal of radiation biology 75(12): 1541-
1549.
v. Litovitz, T., C. Montrose, et al. (1990). “Amplitude windows and
transiently augmented transcription from exposure to
electromagnetic fields.” Bioelectromagnetics 11(4): 297-312.
vi. Litovitz, T., M. Penafiel, et al. (1997). “The role of temporal
sensing in bioelectromagnetic effects.” Bioelectromagnetics 18(5):
388-395.
vii. Litovitz, T., L. Penafiel, et al. (1997). “Role of modulation in the
effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929
cells.” Biolectomagnetics 18: 132-141.]
viii. Litovitz, T., D. Krause, et al. (1993). “The role of coherence time
in the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase
activity.” Bioelectromagnetics 14(5): 395-403.
b. Cell membrane reaction is lipid peroxidation.
i. Serban, M. and V. Ni (1994). “Lipid peroxidation and change of
plasma lipids in acute ischemic stroke.” Romanian journal of
internal medicine= Revue roumaine de médecine interne 32(1):
51.
Page 18 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
ii. Vileno, B., S. Jeney, et al. (2010). “Evidence of lipid peroxidation
and protein phosphorylation in cells upon oxidative stress photogenerated
by fullerols.”Biophysical chemistry.
iii. Maaroufi, K., E. Save, et al. (2011). “Oxidative stress and
prevention of the adaptive response to chronic iron overload in the
brain of young adult rats exposed to a 150 kilohertz
electromagnetic field.” Neuroscience.
iv. Nelson, S. K., S. K. Bose, et al. (1994). “The toxicity of high-dose
superoxide dismutase suggests that superoxide can both initiate
and terminate lipid peroxidation in the reperfused heart.” Free
Radical Biology and Medicine 16(2): 195-200.
v. Alvarez, J. G. and B. T. Storey (1989). “Role of glutathione
peroxidase in protecting mammalian spermatozoa from loss of
motility caused by spontaneous lipid peroxidation.” Gamete
research 23(1): 77-90.
vi. Devasagayam, T., K. Boloor, et al. (2003). “Methods for
estimating lipid peroxidation: An analysis of merits and
demerits.” Indian journal of biochemistry & biophysics 40(5): 300-
308.
c. Free-Radical Damage:
i. Ozgur, E., G. Güler, et al. (2010). “Mobile phone radiationinduced
free radical damage in the liver is inhibited by the
antioxidants n-acetyl cysteine and epigallocatechin-gallate.”
International journal of radiation biology(00): 1-11.
Page 19 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
ii. Gutteridge, J. and X. C. Fu (1981). “Enhancement of bleomyciniron
free radical damage to DNA by antioxidants and their
inhibition of lipid peroxidation.” FEBS letters 123(1): 71.
d. mRNA:
i. Yan, J. G., M. Agresti, et al. (2009). “Qualitative Effect on
mRNAs of Injury-Associated Proteins by Cell Phone Like
Radiation in Rat Facial Nerves. Electromagnetic Biology and
Medicine 28(4): 383-390.
ii. Yan, J. G., M. Agresti, et al. (2008). “Upregulation of specific
mRNA levels in rat brain after cell phone
exposure.” Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 27(2): 147-154.
iii. Simbürger, E., A. Stang, et al. (1997). “Expression of connexin43
mRNA in adult rodent brain.”Histochemistry and cell
biology 107(2): 127-137.
iv. Chen, J., H. C. He, et al. (2010). “Effects of Pulsed
Electromagnetic Fields on the mRNA Expression of RANK and
CAII in Ovariectomized Rat Osteoclast-Like Cell.” Connective
Tissue Research 51(1): 1-7.
e. Epigenetic changes…. environmentally induced genetic change:
i. Migliore, L. and F. Copped (2009). “Genetics, environmental
factors and the emerging role of epigenetics in neurodegenerative
diseases.” Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular
Page 20 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 667(1-2): 82-97.
ii. Currenti, S. (2009). “Understanding and Determining the Etiology
of Autism.” Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 30(2): 161-171.
f. Micronuclei formation:
i. Tice, R. R., G. G. Hook, et al. (2002). “Genotoxicity of
radiofrequency signals. I. Investigation of DNA damage and
micronuclei induction in cultured human blood
cells.” Bioelectromagnetics, 23(2): 113-126.
ii. Lerchl, A. (2009). “Comments on “Radiofrequency
electromagnetic fields (UMTS, 1,950 MHz) induce genotoxic
effects in vitro in human fibroblasts but not in lymphocytes” by
Schwarz et al. (Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2008: doi:
10.1007/s00420-008-0305-5).” Int Arch Occup Environ
Health 82(2): 275-278.
iii. Vijayalaxmi and T. J. Prihoda (2009). “Genetic damage in
mammalian somatic cells exposed to extremely low frequency
electro-magnetic fields: a meta-analysis of data from 87
publications (1990-2007).” Int J Radiat Biol 85(3): 196-213.
iv. Sannino, A., M. Sarti, et al. (2009). “Induction of adaptive
response in human blood lymphocytes exposed to radiofrequency
radiation.” Radiat Res 171(6): 735-742.
g. DNA repair disruption:
i. Brusick, D., R. Albertini, et al. (1998). “Genotoxicity of
radiofrequency radiation. DNA/Genetox Expert Panel.” Environ
Page 21 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Mol Mutagen 32(1): 1-16.
ii. Belyaev, I. Y., E. Markova, et al. (2009). “Microwaves from
UMTS/GSM mobile phones induce long-lasting inhibition of
53BP1/gamma-H2AX DNA repair foci in human
lymphocytes.”Bioelectromagnetics 30(2): 129-141.
iii. Sun, L. X., K. Yao, et al. (2006). “[Effect of acute exposure to
microwave from mobile phone on DNA damage and repair of
cultured human lens epithelial cells in vitro].” Zhonghua Lao Dong
Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 24(8): 465-467.
h. Immune response suppression:
i. Lyle, D. B., P. Schechter, et al. (1983). “Suppression of Tlymphocyte
cytotoxicity following exposure to sinusoidally
amplitude-modulated fields.” Bioelectromagnetics 4(3): 281-292.
ii. Elekes, E., G. Thuroczy, et al. (1996). “Effect on the immune
system of mice exposed chronically to 50 Hz amplitude-modulated
2.45 GHz microwaves.” Bioelectromagnetics 17(3): 246-248.
iii. DABALA, D., D. SURCEL, et al. (2008). “Oxidative and Immune
Response in Experimental Exposure to Electromagnetic
Fields.” Electromagnetic field, health and environment:
proceedings of EHE’07: 105.
iv. Surcel, D., D. Dabala, et al. (2009). “Free Radicals, Lipid
Peroxidation and Immune Response in Experimental Exposure to
Electromagnetic Fields.” Epidemiology 20(6): S118.
Page 22 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Conclusions
33. To understand the seriousness of this Agent of PM RF/MW radiation in
interaction with populations and individuals, we need to consider some basic facts in addition to
the many relevant and reliable studies above. For example, where shortwave, AM. FM, TV and
cell phone infrastructure frequencies are demonstrated to be harmful, as they consistently are
shown to be at low intensities with long duration, then, all other factors being equal, MW
radiation at 2.45 GHz will likely be more harmful yet, due to its higher absorption-per-exposure
and water molecule resonance. Increasing the constancy and length of exposure toward the
maximum of occupational and 24-7 durations will lower the threshold for effects in populations
and individuals. Complex radiation microenvironments with pulse-modulated wave and multiple
sources, such as are deployed in WI-FI-equipped schools, are more harmful than a single,
isolated MW radiation exposure at the same power density and duration. There are only a few of
the many studies of RF/MW radiation infrastructure such as base stations that fail to show their
studied effect. However, even were the reverse true, i.e., if there existed greater number than
those that do show adverse effects, it is the case that positive studies (those that show adverse
effects) hold more weight than negative studies (those that show no effect).
34. The FCC-appointed guideline-setting Commission, ASTM-IEEE, in 1991 referred
in its conclusions to RF/MW radiation, the Agent, as a ‘Hazard,’ specifically setting a
‘Hazard Threshold.’ It has been discovered that, even amongst the 120 studies chosen by the
Committee to prove the validity of its Hazard Threshold, there were 15 studies that concluded
adverse effects at levels lower than the Hazard Threshold, thus disproving its validity. Three of
these studies actually showed adverse effects at less than 10 percent of the Hazard Threshold.
Thus the guidelines have no credibility.
Page 23 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
35. The large body of scientific literature moreover redundantly proves this Agent to
be a hazard. The media-promulgated notion that the relevant scientific studies are inconsistent
and inconclusive is false and misleading. Chronic exposure to PM MW radiation harms every
individual in a population in some ways, even if these are not always detectable by the individual
or consciously attributed to the responsible RF/MW radiation sources. This Agent injures some
individuals into a condition in which symptoms will be more easily retriggered with subsequent
exposure. And for a priori susceptible individuals and those using electronic medical devices, it
can respectively exacerbate the extant medical conditions and disrupt medical device operation,
even to the point of death. Bassen 1997 discusses the hundreds of excess deaths, even at that
time, from wireless communications radiation. See also Radiofrequency Interference with
Medical Devices, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 17(3):111-114(1998),
http://ewh.ieee.org/soc/embs/comar/interfer.htm.
36. For these reasons, WI-FI must be banned from school deployment.
37. I will receive no compensation for my testimony beyond out-of-pocket expenses.
Dated this 20th day of December, 2011.
DR. DAVID O. CARPENTER, M.D.
Director, Institute for Health and the Environment
University at Albany
Page 24 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: David O. Carpenter
Home Address: 2749 Old State Road
Schenectady, New York 12303
Positions Held:
Director, Institute for Health and the Environment
University at Albany
Professor, Environmental Health Sciences
School of Public Health, University at Albany
5 University Place, A217, Rensselaer, NY 12144
Education: 1959 B.A., Harvard College, Cambridge, MA
1964 M.D., Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
Positions Held:
9/61-6/62 Research Fellow, Department of Physiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden with
Professor Anders Lundberg
7/64-6/65 Research Associate, Department of Physiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA under the direction of Dr. Elwood Henneman
7/65-2/73 Neurophysiologist, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institutes of Mental
Health, Dr. Edward V. Evarts, Chief, Assistant Surgeon, USPHS, currently a
Reserve Officer in the USPHS.
2/73-3/80 Chairman, Neurobiology Department Armed Forces Radiobiology Research
Institute, Defense Nuclear Agency, Bethesda, MD
3/80-9/85 Director, Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State
Department of Health, Albany, NY
9/85-1/98 Dean, School of Public Health, University at Albany
9/85-Pres. Professor, Departments of Environmental Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences,
School of Public Health, University at Albany.
9/85-7/98 Research Physician, Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York
State Department of Health, Albany, NY
1/98-1/05 Adjunct Professor in the Center for Neuropharmacology & Neuroscience, Albany
Medical College, Albany, NY
2001-Pres. Director, Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, SUNY,
Rensselaer, NY. The Institute was named a Collaborating Center of the World
Health Organization in 2011.
2005-Pres. Senior Fellow, Alden March Bioethics Institute, Albany Medical College/Center,
Albany, New York
Editor-in-Chief: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 1981 – 1987
Editorial Advisor: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 1987 – Present
Editorial Boards: Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 1995 – 2002
International Journal of Occupational Medicine & Environmental Health
1996 – Present
Page 25 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease – Associate Editor,2007-2009
Reviews in Environmental Health; 2008-present
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health; 2009-
present.
Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2009-present.
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2010-present
National and International Committees:
1978, 1981 Physiology Study Section (Ad hoc member)
1979-1985 NIH International Fellowship Study Section
1974-1981 Member, Steering Committee of the Section on the Nervous System, American
Physiological Society (Chairman of the Committee, 9/76-4/80)
1981-1989 Member, USA National Committee for the International Brain Research
Organization
1985-1986 Committee on Electric Energy Systems of the Energy Engineering Board, National
Research Council
1986-1987 Member, Neurophysiology Peer Panel for the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
1987-1989 Member, Science Advisory Council of the American Paralysis Association
1987-1990 Advisory Panel for the Electric Energy System Division, U.S. Department of
Energy
1985-1993 Committee #79, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
1986-1997 Member, Legislative and Education Committees, Association of Schools of Public
Health
1989-1994 Member, Neuroscience Discipline Working Group, Life Sciences Division of the
NASA
1994, 1995 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Consensus Conference
on FY 1995 Federal Research Funding
1994-1997 Member, Legislative Committee of the Association of Schools of Public Health
1997 Member, Executive Committee of the Association of Schools of Public Health
1997-2000 National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council of the National
Institutes of Health
1998-Pres. Member, U.S. Section of the Great Lakes Science Advisory Board of the
International Joint Commission
2000-Pres. Member, Board of Directors, Pacific Basin Consortium for Hazardous Waste
Health and Environment; Treasurer, 2001-2004, 2008-pres; Chair, 2004-2008
2001-2008 United States Co-Chair, Workgroup on Ecosystem Health of the Science Advisory
Board of the International Joint Commission
2002-2003 Member, Committee on the Implications of Dioxin in the Food Supply, The
National Academies, Institute of Medicine
2003-2008 Member, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Children’s Health
Protection Advisory Committee
2003-Pres. Chair, Advisory Committee to the World Health Organization and National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences on collaborative activities.
2007-2011 Chair, Workgroup on Risks vs. Benefits of Fish Consumption, Science Advisory
Board, International Joint Commission.
Page 26 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
State and Local Committees:
1980-1987 Executive Secretary, New York State Power Lines Project
1985-1989 Board of Scientific Advisors, Institute of Basic Research, OMRDD, N.Y.
1986-1989 Member, Steering Committee, Health Policy and Administrative Consortium of the
Capital District
1991-1992 Member, Connecticut Academy of Sciences and Engineering Committee on
Electromagnetic Field Health Effects
1991-1992 Member, Board of Directors of the Capital District Chapter of the Alzheimer’s
Disease and Related Disorders Association, Inc.
1991-1992 Member, State Task Force for the Reform of Middle Level Education in NY State
1992-1993 Member, State Needs Task Force on Health Care and Education
1987-1998 Delegate-at-Large, New York State Public Health Association
1991-1995 Member, Board of Directors of the Capital District Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Association
1994 Chair, Council of Deans, University at Albany, SUNY
1997-2008. Member, Board of Directors, (Chair 1998-2004) Albany-Tula Inc.: A Capital
Region Alliance
2000-Pres. Member, Board of Directors, Healthy Schools Network, Inc.
2000-2003 Member, Medical Advisory Board, Hepatitis C Coalition, New York
2000-2004 Member, Environmental Protection Agency /National Association of State
Universities and Land Grant Colleges Task Force
2001-2008 Member, Board of Directors, Environmental Advocates of New York
2004-2007 Member, Ad Hoc Advisory Group on Brownfield Cleanup Standards
2005-Pres. Member, Schooling Chefs Curriculum Advisory Board
2005-2008 Member, Board of Directors, Citizens Environmental Coalition
2006-2009 Member, Board of Directors, Marine Environmental Research Institute
2007-2009 Member, New York State Renewable Energy Task Force
Honors, Awards and Fellowships:
1959 B.A. awarded magna cum laude. Thesis entitled “Metamorphosis of visual
pigments: A study of visual system of the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum”
(Thesis advisor, Professor George Wald)
Elected to Phi Beta Kappa and to Sigma Xi
1964 M.D. awarded cum laude for a thesis in a special field. Thesis entitled
“Electrophysiological observations on the importance on neuron size in determining
responses to excitation and inhibition in motor and sensory systems” (Thesis
advisor, Dr. Elwood Henneman)
1964 Awarded the Leon Resnick Prize given to a Harvard Medical School
graduate showing promise in research
1970 Awarded the Moseley Traveling Fellowship for study in England
(Fellowship declined)
1971 Invited as Visiting Professor of Physiology, Centro de Investigacion y de
Estudios Avanzados, del Institute Politecnico Nacional, Mexico 14, D.F., Mexico,
for 3 months
Page 27 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
1982, 1986 Visiting Professor of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Kyushu
1987 University, Fukuoka, Japan, for a period of three months each
1989 Awarded Jacob Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award from the National
Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke
1999 Awarded Homer N. Calver Award from the American Public Health
Association for studies in environmental health.
2001 Awarded 2001 Academic Laureate from the University at Albany
Foundation.
2010 Awarded the Albion O. Bernstein, M.D. Award in recognition of an
outstanding contribution to public health and the prevention of disease though
lifelong research of environmental health hazards and for limitless devotion to
medical education by the Medical Society of the State of New York.
Federal Grants Held: (Principal Investigator Only)
1980-1983 United States Air Force, “Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Emesis in Dogs”,
$76,847 total direct costs.
1982-1988 National Institute of Health, “Mechanisms of Desensitization at Central Synapses”,
$464,786 total direct costs.
1984-1986 Defense Nuclear Agency, “Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Emesis in Dogs@,
$330,504 total direct costs.
1986-1996 National Institute of Health, “Mechanisms of Excitatory Amino Acids Actions and
Toxicity”, 1986-1989 $231,848 total direct costs; 1990-1996 $562,926 total direct
costs.
1989-1993 National Institute of Health, “Mechanisms of Lead Neurotoxicity” $373,576 total
direct costs
1990-1995 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Superfund Basic Research
Program, “Multidisciplinary Study of PCBs and PCDFs at a Waste Site”, D.O.
Carpenter, P.I. $5,783,419 total direct costs.
1995-2001 Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, International Training
Program in Environmental and Occupational Health. ACentral/Eastern European
Environ/Occup Training Program@, D.O. Carpenter, P.I. $657,520 total costs.
1995-2001 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Superfund Basic Research
Program, “Multidisciplinary Study of PCBs,” D.O. Carpenter, P.I. $12,653,709 total
direct costs.
1998-1999 Environmental Protection Agency, AIndoor Air Risk at Akwesasne – Pilot Project@,
D.O. Carpenter, P.I. $9,996 total costs.
2000-2002 Association Liaison Office for University Cooperation in Development,
ACooperative Program in Environmental Health between the Institute of Public
Health at Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda and the School of Public Health,
University at Albany, USA@, D.O. Carpenter, P.I. $96,432 total costs.
2001-2007 Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, International Training
Program in Environmental and Occupational Health. AMultidisciplinary
Environmental Health Training@, D.O. Carpenter, P.I. $850,000 total costs.
2006-2011 Pakistan-US Science and Technology Cooperative Program (US National
Academy of Sciences). “Association of particulate matter with daily morbidity in
Page 28 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
an urban population,” D.O. Carpenter, P.I., $391,104 total costs.
2009-2013 Exploratory Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities in Smaller Cities.
Project 2: Environmental contaminants and reproductive health of Akwesasne
Mohawk women. $387,825 for year 1. D.O. Carpenter, Co-PI.
2010-2013 Department of the Army, “Gulf War Illness: Evaluation of an Innovative
Detoxification Program: D.O. Carpenter, P.I., $636,958 total costs.
2010-2013 Higher Education for Development of the United States Agency for International
Development, “Drinking Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion :
Health Interventions in Two Urban Communities of Kampala City and Mukono
Municipality, Uganda”. D. O. Carpenter, P.I., $299,736 total costs.
2011-2016 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1RO1ES019620), “Protecting
the health of future generations: Assessing and preventing exposures.” PK Miller,
FA von Hippel, CL Buck and DO Carpenter, Co-P.I.s, $471,521 for the period
8/08/11-4/30/12, $2,354,871 for the period 2011-2016.
Research Interests:
• Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and
hypertension.
• Cognitive and behavioral effects of environmental contaminants on children (IQ, ADHD)
and older adults (dementias, Parkinson’s Disease and ALS).
• Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation biology.
• Effects of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular function.
Other Professional Activities:
Host, The Public Radio Health Show (a 30 min public health information show carried on 170+
stations nationwide), plus the Armed Forces Radio Network and Voice of America, 1985-2001.
Authored a biweekly health column in The Troy Record, a local newspaper, 1997-1999.
Major Peer-Reviewed Publications:
1. Carpenter, D.O., Lundberg, A. and Norrsell, U. Effects from the pyramidal tract on
primary afferents and on spinal reflex actions to primary afferents. Experientia, 18:337,
1962.
2. Carpenter, D.O., Engberg, I. and Lundberg, A. Presynaptic inhibition in the lumbar cord
evoked from the brain stem. Experientia, 18:450, 1962.
3. Carpenter, D.O., Lundberg, A. and Norrsell, U. Primary afferent depolarization evoked
from the sensorimotor cortex. Acta Physiol. Scand., 59:126-142.
4. Carpenter, D.O., Engberg, I., Funkenstein, H. and Lundberg, A. Decerebrate control of
reflexes to primary afferents. Acta Physiol. Scand., 59:424-437, 1963.
5. Carpenter, D.O., Engberg, I. and Lundberg, A. Differential supraspinal control of
inhibitory and excitatory actions from the FRA to ascending spinal pathways. Acta
Physiol. Scand., 63:103-110, 1965.
Page 29 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
6. Henneman, E., Somjen, G.G. and Carpenter, D.O. Excitability and inhibitibility of
motoneurons of different sizes. J. Neurophysiol., 28:599-620, 1965.
7. Henneman, E., Somjen, G.G. and Carpenter, D.O. Functional significance of cell size in
spinal motoneurons. J. Neurophysiol., 28:560-580, 1965.
8. Somjen, G.G., Carpenter, D.O. and Henneman, E. Selective depression of alpha
motoneurons of small size by ether. J. Pharmacol., 148:380-385, 1965.
9. Somjen, G., Carpenter, D.O. and Henneman, E. Response of motoneurons of different
sizes to graded stimulation of supraspinal centers of the brain. J. Neurophysiol., 28:958-
965, 1965.
10. Carpenter, D.O., Engberg, I. and Lundberg, A. Primary afferent depolarization evoked
from the brain stem and the cerebellum. Arch. Ital. Biol., 104:73-85, 1966.
11. Carpenter, D.O. and Henneman, E. A relation between the threshold of stretch receptors in
skeletal muscle and the diameter of axons. J. Neurophysiol., 29:353-368, 1966.
12. Carpenter, D.O. Temperature effects on pacemaker generation, membrane potential, and
critical firing threshold in Aplysia neurons. J. Gen. Physiol., 50:1469-1484, 1967.
13. Chase, T.N., Breese, G., Carpenter, D., Schanberg, S. and Kopin, I. Stimulation-induced
release of serotonin from nerve tissue. Adv. Pharmacol., 6A:351-364, 1968.
14. Carpenter, D.O. and Alving, B.O. A contribution of an electrogenic Na+ pump to
membrane potential in Aplysia neurons. J. Gen. Physiol., 52:1-21, 1968.
15. Olson, C.B., Carpenter, D.O. and Henneman, E. Orderly recruitment of muscle action
potentials. Arch. Neurol., 19:591-597, 1968.
16. Carpenter, D.O. Membrane potential produced directly by the Na+ pump in Aplysia
neurons. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 35:371-385, 1970.
17. Carpenter, D.O. and Gunn, R. The dependence of pacemaker discharge of Aplysia neurons
upon Na+ and Ca++. J. Cell. Physiol., 75:121-127, 1970.
18. Kraus, K.R., Carpenter, D.O. and Kopin, I. R. Acetylcholine-induced release of norepinephrine
in the presence of tetrodotoxin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 73:416-421, 1970.
19. Barker, J.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Thermosensitivity of neurons in the sensorimotor cortex
of the cat. Science, 169:597-598, 1970.
20. Carpenter, D.O., Hovey, M.M. and Bak, A. Intracellular conductance of Aplysia neurons
and squid axon as determined by a new technique. Intl. J. Neurosci., 2:35-48, 1971.
21. Carpenter, D.O., Breese, G., Schanberg, S. and Kopin, I. Serotonin and dopamine:
Distribution and accumulation in Aplysia nervous and non-nervous tissues. Int. J.
Neurosci., 2:49-56, 1971.
22. Hovey, M.M., Bak, A.F. and Carpenter, D.O. Low internal conductivity of Aplysia neuron
somata. Science, 176:1329-1331, 1972.
23. Carpenter, D.O. Electrogenic sodium pump and high specific resistance in nerve cell
bodies of the squid. Science, 179:1336-1338, 1973.
24. Carpenter, D.O. and Rudomin, P. The organization of primary afferent depolarization in
the isolated spinal cord of the frog. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 229:471-493, 1973.
25. Shain, W., Green, L.A., Carpenter, D.O., Sytkowski, A.J. and Vogel, Z. Aplysia
acetylcholine receptors: Blockage by and binding of α-bungarotoxin. Brain Res., 72:225-
240, 1974.
26. Pierau, Fr.-K., Torrey, P. and Carpenter, D.O. Mammalian cold receptor afferents: Role of
an electrogenic sodium pump in sensory transduction. Brain Res., 73:156-160, 1974.
Page 30 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
27. Saavedra, J.M., Brownstein, M.J., Carpenter, D.O. and Axelrod, J. Octopamine: Presence
in single neurons in Aplysia suggests neurotransmitter function. Science, 185:364-365,
1974.
28. Willis, J.A., Gaubatz, G.L. and Carpenter, D.O. The role of the electrogenic sodium pump
in modulation of pacemaker discharge of Aplysia neurons. J. Cell. Physiol., 84:463-472,
1974.
29. Brownstein, M.J., Saavedra, J.M., Axelrod, J., Zeman, G.H. and Carpenter, D.O.
Coexistence of several putative neurotransmitters in single identified neurons of Aplysia.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA), 71:4662-4665, 1975.
30. Carpenter, D.O. and Gaubatz, G.L. Octopamine receptors on Aplysia neurons mediate
hyperpolarization by increasing membrane conductance. Nature, 252:483-485, 1974.
31. Pierau, Fr.-K., Torrey, P. and Carpenter, D.O. Afferent nerve fiber activity responding to
temperature changes of the scrotal skin of the rat. J. Neurobiol., 38:601-612, 1975.
32. Carpenter, D.O. and Gaubatz, G.L. H1 and H2 histamine receptors on Aplysia neurons.
Nature, 254:343-344, 1975.
33. Carpenter, D.O., Hovey, M.M. and Bak, A.F. Resistivity of axoplasm. II. Internal
restivity of giant axons of squid and Myxicola. J. Gen. Physiol., 66:139-148, 1975.
34. Zeman, G.H. and Carpenter, D.O. Asymmetric distribution of aspartate in ganglia and
single neurons of Aplysia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 52C:23-26, 1975.
35. Pierau, Fr.-K., Torrey, P. and Carpenter, D.O. Effect of ouabain and potassium-free
solution on mammalian thermosensitive afferents in vitro. Pflugers Arch., 359:349-356,
1975.
36. Swann, J.W. and Carpenter, D.O. The organization of receptors for neurotransmitters on
Aplysia neurons. Nature, 258:751-754, 1975.
37. Yarowsky, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Aspartate: distinct receptors on Aplysia neurons.
Science, 192:806-809, 1976.
38. Foster, K.R., Bidinger, J.M. and Carpenter, D.O. The electrical resistivity of aqueous
cytoplasm. Biophys. J., 16:991-1001, 1976.
39. Carpenter, D.O., Greene, L.A., Shain, W. and Vogel, Z. Effects of eserine and neostigmine
on the interaction of α-bungarotoxin with Aplysia acetylcholine receptors. Mol.
Pharmacol., 12:999-1006, 1976.
40. Saavedra, J.M., Ribas, J., Swann, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Phenylethanolamine: A new
putative neurotransmitter in Aplysia. Science, 195:1004-1006, 1977.
41. Carpenter, D.O., Swann, J.W. and Yarowsky, P.J. Effect of curare on responses to
different putative neurotransmitters in Aplysia neurons. J. Neurobiol., 8:119-132, 1977.
42. Yarowsky, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. GABA mediated excitatory responses on Aplysia
neurons. Life Sci., 20:1441-1448, 1977.
43. Willis, J.A., Myers, P.R. and Carpenter, D.O. An ionophoretic module which controls
electroosmosis. J. Electrophysiol. Tech., 6:34-41, 1977.
44. Yarowsky, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on
Aplysia neurons. Brain Res., 144:75-94, 1978.
45. Carpenter, D.O., Gaubatz, G., Willis, J.A. and Severance, R. Effects of irradiation of
Aplysia pacemaker neurons with 20 MeV electrons. Rad. Res., 76:32-47, 1978.
46. Yarowsky, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. A comparison of similar ionic responses to gammaaminobutyric
acid and acetylcholine. J. Neurophysiol., 41:531-541, 1978.
47. Blum, B., Auker, C.R. and Carpenter, D.O. A head holder and stereotaxic device for the
rattlesnake. Brain Res. Bull., 3:271-274, 1978.
Page 31 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
48. Swann, J.W., Sinback, C.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Dopamine-induced muscle contractions
and modulation of neuromuscular transmission in Aplysia. Brain Res., 157:167-172, 1978.
49. Swann, J.W., Sinback, C.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Evidence for identified dopamine motor
neurons to the gill of Aplysia. Neurosci. Lett., 10:275-280, 1978.
50. Kebabian, P.R., Kebabian, J.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Regulation of cyclic AMP in heart
and gill of Aplysia by the putative neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. Life Sci.,
24:1757-1764, 1979.
51. Carpenter, D.O. Interchangeable association of neurotransmitter receptors with several
ionophores. Brain Res. Bull., 4:149-152, 1979.
52. Pellmar, T.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Voltage-dependent calcium current induced by
serotonin. Nature, 277:483-484, 1979.
53. Ruben, P.C., Swann, J.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Neurotransmitter receptors on gill muscle
fibers and the gill peripheral nerve plexus in Aplysia. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.,
57:1088-1097, 1979.
54. Pellmar, T.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Serotonin induces a voltage-sensitive calcium current in
neurons of Aplysia californica. J. Neurophysiol., 44:423-439, 1980.
55. Parver, L.M., Auker, C. and Carpenter, D.O. Choroidal blood flow as a heat dissipating
mechanism in the macula. Am. J. Ophthamol., 89:641-646, 1980.
56. Mell, L.D., Jr. and Carpenter, D.O. Fluorometric determination of octopamine in tissue
homegenates by high-performance liquid chromatography. Neurochem. Res., 5:1089-
1096, 1980.
57. Braitman, D.J., Auker, C.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone has
multiple actions in cortex. Brain Res., 194:244-248, 1980.
58. Meszler, R.M., Auker, C.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Fine structure and organization of the
infrared receptor relay, the lateral descending nucleus of the trigeminal nerve in pit vipers.
J. Comp. Neurol., 196:571-584, 1981.
59. Auker, C.R., Parver, L.M., Doyle, T. and Carpenter, D.O. Choroidal blood flow: I.
Ocular tissue temperature as a measure of flow. Arch. Opthal., 100:1323-1326, 1982.
60. Parver, L.M., Auker, C., Carpenter, D.O. and Doyle, T. Choroidal blood flow: II.
Reflexive control in the monkey. Arch. Opthal., 100:1327-1330. 1982.
61. Hori, N., Auker, C.R., Braitman, D.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Lateral olfactory tract
transmitter: Glutamate, aspartate or neither? Cell. Mol. Neurobiol., 1:115-120, 1981.
62. Scappaticci, K.A., Dretchen, K.L., Carpenter, D.O. and Pellmar, T.C. Effects of
furosemide on neural mechanisms in Aplysia. J. Neurobiol., 12:329-341, 1981.
63. Pellmar, T.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Cyclic AMP induces a voltage-dependent current in
neurons of Aplysia californica. Neurosci. Lett., 22:151-157, 1981.
64. Parver, L., Auker, C. and Carpenter, D.O. Stabilization of macular temperature: The
stabilizing effect of the choroidal circulation on the temperature environment of the
macula. Retina, 2:117-120, 1982.
65. Green, R.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Biphasic responses to acetylcholine in mammalian
reticulospinal neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 1:401-405, 1981.
66. Hori, N., Auker, C.R., Braitman, D.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Pharmacologic sensitivity of
amino acid responses and synaptic activation of in vitro prepyriform neurons. J.
Neurophysiol., 48:1289-1301, 1982.
67. Slater, N.T. and Carpenter, D.O. Blockade of acetylcholine-induced inward currents in
Aplysia neurons by strychnine and desipramine: effect of membrane potential. Cell.
Molec. Neurobiol., 2:53-58, 1982.
Page 32 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
68. Swann, J.W., Sinback, C.N., Pierson, M.G. and Carpenter, D.O. Dopamine produces
muscle contractions and modulates motoneuron-induced contractions in Aplysia gill. Cell.
Molec. Neurobiol., 2:291-308, 1982.
69. Swann, J.W., Sinback, C.N., Kebabian, P.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Motoneurons which may
utilize dopamine as their neurotransmitter. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 2:309-324, 1982.
70. Auker, C.R., Meszler, R.M. and Carpenter, D.O. Apparent discrepancy between single unit
activity and 14C-deoxyglucose labelling in the optic tectum of the rattlesnake. J.
Neurophysiol., 49:1504-1516, 1983.
71. Slater, N.T., Carpenter, D.O., Freedman, J.E. and Snyder, S.H. Vipoxin both activates and
antagonizes three types of acetylcholine response in Aplysia neurons. Brain Res., 278:266-
270, 1983.
72. ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Hori, N., Nakanishi, H., Slater, N.T. and Carpenter, D.O.
Assymetric distribution of acetylcholine receptors and M channels on prepyriform neurons.
Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 3:163-182, 1983.
73. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B. and Strominger, N. Responses of neurons of canine area
postrema to neurotransmitters and peptides. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 3:113-126, 1983.
74. Slater, N.T. and Carpenter, D.O. Blocking kinetics at excitatory acetylcholine responses
on Aplysia neurons. Biophys. J., 45:24-25, 1984.
75. Chesnut, T.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Two-component desensitization of three types of
responses to acetylcholine in Aplysia. Neurosci. Lett., 39:285-290, 1983.
76. Haas, H.L., Jeffreys, J.G.R., Slater, N.T. and Carpenter, D.O. Modulation of low calcium
induced field bursts in the hippocampus by monoamines and cholinomimetics. Pflugers
Arch., 400:28-33, 1984.
77. Parvar, L.M., Auker, C.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Choroidal blood flow. III. Reflexive
control in human eyes. Arch. Ophthamol., 101:1604-1606, 1983.
78. Slater, N.T., Haas, H.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Kinetics of acetylcholine-activated cation
channel blockade by the calcium antagonist D-600 in Aplysia neurons. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 3:329:344, 1983.
79. McCreery, M.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Modulation of neuronal responses to L-glutamate in
Aplysia. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 4:91-95, 1984.
80. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B. and Strominger, N. Peptide-induced emesis in dogs. Behav.
Brain Res., 11:277-281, 1984.
81. ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. N-methyl-D-aspartate and
L-aspartate activate distinct receptors in prepyriform cortex. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol.,
4:185-189, 1984.
82. Slater, N.T. and Carpenter, D.O. A study of the cholinolytic actions of strychnine using the
technique of concentration jump relaxation analysis. Cell Molec Neurobiol
4:263-271,1984.
83. Slater, N.T., Hall, A.F. and Carpenter, D.O. Kinetic properties of cholinergic
desensitization in Aplysia neurons. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B, 223:63-78, 1984.
84. Akaike, N., Hattori, K., Oomura, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Bicuculline and picrotoxin block
gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated Cl- conductance by different mechanisms. Experientia,
41:70-71, 1985.
85. Slater, N.T., Carpenter, D.O., Freedman, J.E. and Synder, S.H. Dual effects of the snake
venom polypeptide vipoxin on receptors for acetylcholine and biogenic amines in Aplysia
neurons. Neurosci., 14:723-733, 1985.
Page 33 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
86. Mizuno, Y., Oomura, Y., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Action of vasopressin on CA1
pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res., 309:241-246, 1984.
87. Slater, N.T., Hall, A.F. and Carpenter, D.O. Trifluoperazine and calcium antagonists
accelerate cholinergic desensitization in Aplysia neurons. Brain Res., 329:275-279, 1985.
88. ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Koller, K., Zaczek, R., Coyle, J.T., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O.
N-acetylaspartylglutamate: Possible role as the neurotransmitter of the lateral olfactory
tract. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 82:3897-3900, 1985.
89. Greene, R.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Actions of neurotransmitters on pontine medial
reticular formation neurons of the cat. J. Neurophysiol., 54:520-531, 1985.
90. Hori, N., ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H. and Carpenter, D.O. Kainic acid responses and toxicity
show pronounced Ca2+ dependence. Brain Res., 358:380-384, 1985.
91. Gaillard, W.D. and Carpenter, D.O. Spectra of neurotransmitter receptors and ionic
responses on cerebral A and B neurons in Aplysia californica. Brain Res., 373:303-310,
1986.
92. Gaillard, W.D. and Carpenter, D.O. On the transmitter at the A-to-B cell in Aplysia
californica. Brain Res., 373:311-315, 1986.
93. ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. A comparison on the effects of
quinolinate and N-methyl-aspartate on neurons in rat piriform cortex. Neurosci. Lett.,
63:66-70, 1986.
94. ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Receptors for the excitatory amino
acids on neurons in rat pyriform cortex. J. Neurophysiol., 55:1283-1294, 1986.
95. Slater, N.T., David, J.A. and Carpenter, D.O. Relaxation studies on the interaction of
hexamethonium with acetylcholine-receptor channels in Aplysia neurons. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 6:191-211, 1986.
96. Leung, M.K., S.-Rozsa, K., Hall, A., Kuruvilla, S., Stefano, G.B. and Carpenter, D.O.
Enkephalin-like substance in Aplysia nervous tissue and actions of leu-enkephalin on single
neurons. Life Sci., 38:1529-34, 1986.
97. Slater, N.T., Filbert, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Multiple interactions of anticholinesterases
with Aplysia acetylcholine responses. Brain Res., 375:407-412, 1986.
98. Carpenter, D.O. and Briggs, D.B. Insulin excites neurons of the area postrema and causes
emesis. Neurosci. Lett., 68:85-89, 1986.
99. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B., Knox, A.P. and Strominger, N.L. Radiation-induced emesis
in the dog: Effects of lesions and drugs. Rad. Res., 108:307-316, 1986.
100. Briggs, D.B. and Carpenter, D.O. Excitation of neurons in the canine area postrema by
prostaglandins. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 6:421-426, 1986.
101. Chesnut, T.J., Carpenter, D.O. and Strichartz, G.R. Three effects of venom from conus
striatus on the delayed rectifier potassium current of molluscan neurons. Toxicon, 25:267-
278, 1987.
102. Yakushiji, T., Tokutomi, N., Akaike, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Agonists of GABA
responses, studied using internally perfused frog dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Neuroscience 22:1123-1133, 1987.
103. Akaike, N., Yakushiji, T., Tokutomi, N. and Carpenter, D.C. Multiple mechanisms of
antagonism of GABA responses. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 7:97-103, 1987.
104. Hori, N., Galeno, T. and Carpenter, D.O. Responses of pyriform cortex neurons to
excitatory amino acids: Voltage dependence, conductance changes and effects of divalent
cations. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 7:73-90, 1987.
Page 34 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
105. Oyama, Y., King, W.M. and Carpenter, D.O. Edrophonium-induced membrane current in
single neurons physically isolated from Aplysia californica. Brain Res., 438:95-100, 1988.
106. Jahan-Parwar, B., S.-Rozsa, K., Salanki, J., Evans, M.L. and Carpenter, D.O. In vivo
labeling of serotonin containing neurons by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine in Aplysia. Brain
Res., 426:173-178, 1987.
107. King, W.M. and Carpenter, D.O. Distinct GABA and glutamate receptors may share a
common channel in Aplysia neurons. Neurosci. Lett., 82:343-348, 1987.
108. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B., Knox, A.P. and Strominger, N. Excitation of area postrema
neurons by transmitters, peptides and cyclic nucleotides. J. Neurophysiol., 59:358-369,
1988.
109. Carpenter, D.O., Hall, A.F. and Rahmann, H. Exogenous gangliosides induce direct
voltage and conductance changes on isolated neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 8:245-250,
1988.
110. Hori, N., Carpenter, D.O. and Katsuda, N. Effect of acetylcholine on the pyramidal cell in
the rat piriform cortex in vitro. Neurosciences, 13:172-174, 1987 (in Japanese).
111. Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Excitatory amino acid receptors in piriform cortex do not
show receptor desensitization. Brain Res., 457:350-354, 1988.
112. Allen, C.N., Brady, R., Swann, J., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors are inactivated by trypsin. Brain Res., 458:147-150, 1988.
113. Oyama, Y., Akaike, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Strychnine decreases the voltage-dependent
Ca2+ current of both Aplysia and frog ganglion neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 8:307-
314, 1988.
114. Oyama, Y., King, W.M., Allen, C.N., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Characterization of an
inward current elicited by edrophonium in physically isolated and internally perfused
Aplysia neurons. Brain Res., 463:124-132, 1988.
115. Hori, N., Akaike, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Piriform cortex brain slices: Techniques for
isolation of synaptic inputs. J. Neurosci. Methods, 25:197-208, 1988.
116. Oyama, Y., Evans, M.L., Akaike, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Electrophysiological detection of
acetylcholinesterase activity using concentration clamp on physically isolated Aplysia
neurons. Neuroscience Res., 6:174-180, 1988.
117. Tsuda, Y., Oyama, Y., Carpenter, D.O. and Akaike, N. Effects of Ca2+ on the transient
outward current of single isolated Helix central neurones. Brit J. Pharmacol., 95:526-530,
1988.
118. Oyama, Y., Hori, N., Evans, M.L., Allen, C.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Electrophysiological
estimation of the actions of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on acetylcholine receptor and
cholinesterase in physically isolated Aplysia neurones. Brit. J. Pharmacol., 96:573-582,1989.
119. King, W.M. and Carpenter, D.O. Voltage-clamp characterization of Cl- conductance gated
by GABA and L-glutamate in single neurons of Aplysia. J. Neurophysiol., 61:892-899,
1989.
120. Evans, M.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Desensitization kinetics of a chloride acetylcholine
response in Aplysia. Brain Res., 495:309-318, 1989.
121. Salanki, J., Evans, M.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Desensitization kinetics of a K+
acetylcholine response in Aplysia. Brain Res., 495:298-308, 1989.
122. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Rahmann, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of exogenous
ganglioside and cholesterol application on excitability of Aplysia neurons. Membrane
Biochemistry, 8:19-26, 1989.
Page 35 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
123. Carpenter, D. Neural mechanisms of emesis. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 68:230-236,
1990.
124. Oyama, Y., Hori, N., Allen, C.N., and Carpenter, D.O. Influences of trypsin and
collagenase on acetylcholine responses of physically-isolated single neurons of Aplysia
californica. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 10:193-205, 1990.
125. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Rahmann, H., and Carpenter, D.O. Lead inhibits the voltageactivated
calcium current of Aplysia neurons. Toxicol. Lett., 51:51-57, 1990.
126. Doi, N., Carpenter, D.O. and Hori, N. Differential effects of baclofen and GABA on rat
piriform cortex pyramidal neurons in vitro. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 10: 559-564, 1991.
127. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Rahmann, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Zn2+ blocks the voltage
activated calcium current of Aplysia neurons. Neurosci. Letts., 117:117-122, 1990.
128. Büsselberg, D., Carpenter, D.O., Sugita, M., Araki, S., Satake, M. and Rahmann, H.
Effects of exogenous lipid application on excitability of Aplysia neurons. Biomed. Res.,
11:77-86, 1990.
129. Evans, M.L., Kadan, M.J., Hartig, P.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Correlation of 125I-LSD
autoradiographic labelling with serotonin voltage clamp responses in Aplysia neurones.
Synapse, 8:22-29, 1991.
130. S.-Rozsa, K., Stefano, G., Salanki, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Characterization of responses to
enkephalins and FMRFamide on B neurons of the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia. Comp.
Biochem. Physiol., 99C:403-412, 1991.
131. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Rahmann, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Lead and zinc block a
voltage activated calcium channel of Aplysia neurons. J. Neurophysiol., 65:786-795, 1991.
132. Hori, N., Doi, N., Miyahara, S., Shinoda, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Appearance of NMDA
receptors triggered by anoxia independent of voltage in vivo and in vitro. Exp. Neurol.,
112:304-311, 1991.
133. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Rahmann, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of inorganic and
triethyl lead and inorganic mercury on the voltage activated calcium channel of Aplysia
neurons. NeuroToxicology, 12:733-744, 1991.
134. Evans, M.L., Büsselberg, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Pb2+ blocks calcium currents of cultured
dorsal root ganglion cells. Neurosci. Letts., 129:103-106, 1991.
135. Kemenes, G., S.-Rozsa, K., Stefano, G. and Carpenter, D.O. Distinct receptors for leu- and
met-enkephalin on the metacerebral giant cell of Aplysia. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 12:107-
119, 1992.
136. Ayrapetyan, S.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Very low concentrations of acetylcholine and
GABA modulate transmitter responses. NeuroReport 2:563-565, 1991.
137. Carpenter, D.O. and Hori, N. Neurotransmitter and peptide receptors on medial vestibular
nucleus neurons. Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 656:668-686, 1992.
138. Hernadi, L., S.-Rozsa, K., Jahan-Parwar, B. and Carpenter, D.O. A topography and
ultrastructural characterization of in vivo 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-labelled serotonincontaining
neurons in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 12:317-326, 1992.
139. Carpenter, D.O., Fejtl, M., Ayrapetyan, S., Szarowski, D. and Turner, J.N. Dynamic
changes in neuronal volume resulting from osmotic and sodium transport manipulations.
Acta Biologica Hungarica, 43:39-48, 1992.
140. Ayrapetyan, S.N. and Carpenter, D.O. On the modulating effect of ultralow transmitter
concentrations on the functional activity of the neuron membrane. J. Evol. Biochem.
Physiol., 27:110-116, 1991.
Page 36 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
141. Büsselberg, D., Michael, D., Evans, M.L., Carpenter, D.O. and Haas, H.L. Zinc (Zn2+)
blocks voltage gated calcium channels in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion cells. Brain
Res., 593:77-81, 1992.
142. Matthews, M.R., Parsons, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Solubility of lead as lead (II) chloride
in HEPES-Ringer and artificial seawater (Ca-ASW) solutions. NeuroToxicology, 14:283-
290, 1993.
143. Hori, N., Büsselberg, D., Matthews, R., Parsons, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Lead blocks
LTP by an action not at NMDA receptors. Exp. Neurol., 119: 192-197, 1993.
144. Büsselberg, D., Evans, M.L., Haas, H.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Blockade of mammalian and
invertebrate calcium channels by lead. NeuroToxicology, 14:249-258, 1993.
145. Riepe, M., Hori, N., Ludolph, A.C., Carpenter, D.O., Spencer, P.S. and Allen, C.N.
Inhibition of energy metabolism by 3-nitropropionic acid activates ATP-sensitive
potassium channels. Brain Res., 586:61-66, 1992.
146. Hori, N., Hirotsu, I., Davis, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Long-term potentiation is lost in aged
rats but preserved by calorie restriction. NeuroReport, 3:1085-1088, 1992.
147. Knox, A.P., Strominger, N.L., Battles, A.H. and Carpenter, D.O. Behavioral studies of
emetic sensitivity in the ferret. Brain Res. Bull., 31:477-484, 1993.
148. Allen, C.N., Spencer, P.S. and Carpenter, D.O. ß-N-methylamino-L-alanine in the
presence of bicarbonate is an agonist at non-N-methyl-D-aspartate-type receptors.
Neuroscience 54:567-574, 1993.
149. Elekes, K., Stefano, G.B. and Carpenter, D.O. Enkephalin-like immunoreactive neurons in
the central nervous system of gastropods (Helix pomatia, Lymnaea stagnalis, Aplysia
californica): A comparative immunocytochemical study. Cell Tiss. Res. 272:329-41, 1993.
150. Büsselberg, D., Platt, B., Haas, H.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Voltage gated calcium channel
currents of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells are blocked by Al3+. Brain Res. 622:163-
168, 1993.
151. Strominger, N.L., Knox, A.P. and Carpenter, D.O. The connectivity of the area postrema
in the ferret. Brain Res. Bull., 33:33-47, 1994.
152. Knox, A.P., Strominger, N.L., Battles, A.H. and Carpenter, D.O. The central connections
of the vagus nerve in the ferret. Brain Res. Bull., 33:49-63, 1994.
153. Lin, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Medial vestibular neurons are endogenous pacemakers whose
discharge is modulated by neurotransmitters. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 13:601-613, 1993.
154. Kemenes, G., S.-Rózsa, K. and Carpenter, D.O. Cyclic-AMP-mediated excitatory
responses to leucine enkephalin in Aplysia neurones. J. Exp. Biol. 181: 321-328, 1993.
155. Büsselberg, D., Platt, B., Michael, D., Carpenter, D.O. and Haas, H.L. Mammalian
voltage-activated calcium channel currents are blocked by Pb2+, Zn2+ and Al3+. J.
Neurophysiol., 71:1491-1497, 1994.
156. Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Transient ischemia causes a reduction of Mg2+ blockade of
NMDA receptors. Neurosci. Letts., 173:75-78, 1994.
157. Riepe, M.W., Hori, N., Ludolph, A.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Failure of neuronal ion
exchange, not potentiated excitation, causes excitotoxicity after inhibition of oxidative
phosphorylation. Neuroscience, 64:91-97, 1995.
158. Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. Functional and morphological changes induced by transient
in vivo ischemia. Exp. Neurol., 129:279-289, 1994.
159. Lin, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Direct excitatory opiate effects mediated by non-synaptic
actions on rat medial vestibular neurons. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 262:99-106, 1994.
Page 37 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
160. Carpenter, D.O. Epidemiological evidence for an association between exposure to 50 and
60 Hz magnetic fields and cancer. James Bay Publication Series, Hydro-Electric
Development: Environmental Impacts – Paper No. 6, pp. 2-31, 1994.
161. Carpenter, D.O. Communicating with the public on issues of science and public health.
Environ. Health Perspect. 103:127-130, 1995.
162. Fejtl, M., Gyori, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Hg2+ increases the open probability of carbacholactivated
Cl- channels in Aplysia neurons. NeuroReport, 5:2317-2320, 1994.
163. Carpenter, D.O. The public health significance of metal neurotoxicity. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 14:591-597, 1994.
164. Gyori, J., Fejtl, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Effect of HgCl2 on acetylcholine, carbachol and
glutamate currents of Aplysia neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 14:653-664, 1994.
165. Fejtl, M., Gyori, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Mercuric (II) chloride modulates single channel
properties of carbachol activated Cl- channels in cultured neurons of Aplysia californica.
Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 14:665-674, 1994.
166. Carpenter, D.O., Matthews, M.R., Parsons, P.J. and Hori, N. Long-term potentiation in
piriform cortex is blocked by lead. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 14:723-733, 1994.
167. Salanki, J., Gyori, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Action of lead on glutamate-activated chloride
currents in Helix Pomatia L. neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 14:755-768, 1994.
168. Carpenter, D.O. How hazardous wastes affect hu man health. Cent. Eur. J. Publ. Hlth.
2:6-9, 1994.
169. Oyama, Y., Carpenter, D.O., Ueno, S., Hayashi, H. and Tomiyoshi, F. Methylmercury
induces Ca2+-dependent hyperpolarization of mouse thymocytes: A flow-cytometric study
using fluorescent dyes. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 293:101-107, 1995.
170. Fejtl, M., Szarowski, D.H., Decker, D., Buttle, K., Carpenter, D.O. and Turner, J.N. Threedimensional
imaging and electrophysiology of live Aplysia neurons during volume
perturbation: confocal light and high-voltage electron microscopy. JMSA 1(2):75-85,
1995.
171. Carpenter, D.O., Kemenes, G., Elekes, K., Leung, M., Stefano, G., S.-Rozsa, K. and
Salanki, J. Opioid peptides in the nervous system of Aplysia: A combined biochemical
immunocytochemical, and electrophysiological study. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol. 15:239-
256, 1995.
172. Riepe, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Delayed increase of cell volume of single pyramidal cells
in live hippocampal slices upon kainate application. Neurosci. Letts. 191:35-38, 1995.
173. Son, H. And Carpenter, D.O. Protein kinase C activation is necessary but not sufficient for
induction of LTP at the synapse of mossy fiber-CA3 in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience
72:1-13, 1996.
174. Iwase, T., Hori, N., Morioka, T. and Carpenter, D.O. Low power laser irradiation reduces
ischemic damage in hippocampal slices in vitro. Lasers Surg. Med., 19:465-450, 1996.
175. Carpenter, D.O., King, W.M. and McCreery, M.J. The role of glutamate reuptake in
regulation of glutamate responses in Aplysia neurons. Acta Biologica Hungaria 46:363-
373, 1995.
176. Saghian, A.A., Ayrapetyan, S.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Low concentrations of ouabain
stimulate Na/Ca exchange in neurons. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 16:489-498, 1996.
177. Platt, B., Carpenter, D.O., Büsselberg, D., Reymann, K.G. and Riedel, G. Aluminum
impairs hippocampal long-term potentiation in rats in vitro and in vivo. Exp. Neurol.,
134:73-86, 1995.
Page 38 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
178. Rubakhin, S.S., Gyori, J., Carpenter, D.O. and Salanki, J. HgCl2 potentiates GABA
activated currents in Lymnaea stagnalis L. neurons. Acta Biologica Hungaria, 46:431-444,
1995.
179. Fejtl, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Neurite outgrowth is enhanced by conditioning factor(s)
released from central ganglia of Aplysia californica. Neurosci. Letts., 199:33-36, 1995.
180. Riepe, M.W., Niemi, W.N., Megow, D., Ludolph, A.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Mitochondrial
oxidation in rat hippocampus can be preconditioned by selective chemical inhibition of
SDH. Exp. Neurol., 138:15-21, 1996.
181. Son, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Interactions among paired-pulse facilitation and post-tetanic
and long-term potentiation in the mossy fiber-CA3 pathway in rat hippocampus. Synapse,
23:302-311, 1996.
182. Carpenter, D.O., Suk, W.A., Blaha, K. and Cikrt, M. Hazardous wastes in Eastern and
Central Europe. Environ. Health Perspect., 104:244-248, 1996.
183. Son, H., Davis, P.J. and Carpenter, D.O. Time course and involvement of protein kinase
C-mediated phosphorylation of F1/GAP-43 in area CA3 after the mossy fiber stimulation.
Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 17:171-194, 1997.
184. Dyatlov, V.A., Platoshin, A.V., Lawrence, D.A. and Carpenter, D.O. Mercury (Hg2+)
enhances the depressant effect of kainate on Ca-inactivated potassium current in
telencephalic cells derived from chick embryos. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 138:285-297,
1996.
185. Carpenter, D.O. and Conway, J.B. Optimizing professional education in public health. J.
Public Health Management Practice, 2:66-72, 1996.
186. Carpenter, D.O. Great Lakes contaminants: A shift in human health outcomes. Health
and Environment Digest, 10:17-19, 1996.
187. Boldyrev, A.A., Stvolinsky, S.L., Tyulina, O.V., Koshelev, V.B., Hori, N. and Carpenter,
D.O. Biochemical and physiological evidence that carnosine is an endogenous
neuroprotector against free radicals. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 17:259-271, 1997.
188. Szücs, A., Angiello, C., Salánki, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of inorganic mercury and
methylmercury on the ionic currents of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 17:273-288, 1997.
189. Niemi, W.D., Slivinski, K., Audi, J., Rej, R. and Carpenter, D.O. Propylthiouracil
treatment reduces long-term potentiation in area CA1 of neonatal rat hippocampus.
Neurosci. Letts., 210:127-129, 1996.
190. Son, H., Madelian, V. and Carpenter, D.O. The translocation and involvement of protein
kinase C in mossy fiber-CA3 long-term potentiation in hippocampus of the rat brain. Brain
Res., 739:282-292, 1997.
191. Oyama, Y., Carpenter, D.O., Chikahisa, L. and Okazaki, E. Flow-cytometric estimation on
glutamate- and kainate-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ of brain neurons. Brain
Research, 728:121-124, 1996.
192. Carpenter, D.O., Stoner, C.R.T. and Lawrence, D.A. Flow cytometric measurements of
neuronal death triggered by PCBs. NeuroToxicology, 18:507-514, 1997.
193. Azatian, K.V., Ayrapetyan, S.N. and Carpenter, D.O. Metabotropic GABA receptors
regulate acetylcholine responses on snail neurons. Gen. Pharmacol., 29:67-72, 1997.
Carpenter, D.O., Stoner, C.T., Lawrence, D.A., Niemi, W.D., Shain, W. and Seegal, R. Multiple
mechanisms of PCB neurotoxicity. Proceedings of the 1996 Pacific Basin Conference on
Hazardous Waste, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, CONF-9611157, pp. 404-918.
Page 39 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Carpenter, D.O. New Dimensions in our understanding of the human health effects of
environmental pollutants. Proceedings of the 1996 Pacific Basin Conference on Hazardous
Waste, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, CONF-9611157, pp. 37-53.
196. Carpenter, D.O. Possible effects of electromagnetic fields on the nervous system and
development. Men. Retard. Dev. Dis. Res. Rev. 3:270-274, 1997.
197. Chiarenzelli, J., Scrudato, R., Bush, B., Carpenter, D. and Bushart, S. Do large-scale
remedial and dredging events have the potential to release significant amounts of
semi-volatile compounds to the atmosphere? Environ. Hlth. Perspect., 106:47-49, 1998.
198. Dyatlov, V.A., Dytlova O.M., Parsons, P.H., Lawrence, D.A. and Carpenter, D.O.
Lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-6 enhance lead entry into cerebellar neurons:
Application of a new and sensitive flow cytometric technique to measure intracellular lead
and calcium concentrations. NeuroToxicology, 19:293-302, 1998.
199. Dyatlov, V.A., Platoshin, A.V.,Lawrence, D.A. and Carpenter, D.O. Lead potentiates
cytokine- and glutamate-mediated increases in permeability of the blood-brain barrier.
NeuroToxicology, 19:283-292, 1998.
200. Niemi, W.D., Audi, J., Bush, B. and Carpenter, D.O. PCBs reduce long-term potentiation
in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. Exper. Neurol., 151:26-34, 1998.
201. Carpenter, D.O. Health effects of metals. Cent. Eur. J. Publ. Hlth., 6:160-163, 1998.
202. Carpenter, D.O., Bláha, K., Buekens, A., Cikrt, M., Damstra, T., Dellinger, B., Sarofim, A.,
Suk, W.A., Wyes, H. and Zejda, J. Remediation of hazardous wastes in Central and
Eastern Europe: Technology and health effects. Cent. Eur. J. Publ. Hlth., 6:77-78, 1998.
203. Carpenter, D.O. Human health effects of environmental pollutants: New Insights.
Environ. Monitor. Assess. J., 53:245-258, 1998.
204. Dyatlov, V.A., Makovetskaia, V.V., Leonhardt, R., Lawrence, D.A. and Carpenter, D.O.
Vitamin E enhances Ca2+-mediated vulnerability of immature cerebellar granule cells to
ischemia. Free Rad. Biol. Med., 25: 793-802, 1998.
205. Fitzgerald, E.F., Schell, L.M., Marshall, E.G., Carpenter, D.O., Suk, W.A. and Zejda, J.E.
Environmental pollution and child health in Central and Eastern Europe. Environ. Health
Persp., 106:307-311, 1998.
206. Carpenter, D.O., Arcaro, K.F., Bush, B., Niemi, W.D., Pang, S. and Vakharia, D.D.
Human health and chemical mixtures: An overview. Environ. Health Perspect., 106: 1263-
1270, 1998.
207. Carpenter, D.O., Cikrt, M. and Suk, W.A. Hazardous wastes in Eastern and Central
Europe: Technology and health effects. Environ. Health Perspect., 107: 3-4, 1999.
194. Carpenter, D.O. Polychlorinated biphenyls and human health. Int. J. Occup. Med.
Environ. Hlth. 11: 291-303, 1998.
195. Boldyrev, A.A., Johnson, P., Yanzhang, W., Tan, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Carnosine and
taurine protect rat cerebellar granular cells from free radical damage. Neurosci. Letts., 263:
169-172, 1999.
196. Boldyrev, A.A., Carpenter, D.O., Huentelman, M.J., Peters, C.M. and Johnson, P. Sources
of reactive oxygen species production in excitotoxin-stimulated neurons. Biophys.
Biochem. Res. Commun., 256: 320-324, 1999.
197. Ayrapetyan, S.N., Ayrapetyan, G. and Carpenter, D.O. The electrogenic sodium pump
activity in Aplysia neurons is not potential dependent. Acta Biologica Hungarica,
50: 27-34, 1999.
Page 40 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
198. Boldyrev, A., Song, R., Lawrence, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Carnosine protects against
excitotoxic cell death independently of effects on reactive oxygen species. Neuroscience,
94: 571-577, 1999.
199. Boldyrev, A., Song, R., Dyatlov, V.A., Lawrence, D.A. and Carpenter, D.O. Neuronal cell
death and reactive oxygen species. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 20:433-450, 2000.
200. Gyori, J., Platoshyn, O., Carpenter, D.O. and Salanki, J. Effect of inorganic- and organic
tin compounds on ACh- and voltage-activated Na currents. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol.
20:591-604, 2000.
215. Hussain, R.J., Gyori, J., DeCaprio, A.P. and Carpenter, D.O. In vivo and in vitro exposure
to PCB 153 reduces long-term potentiation. Environ. Hlth. Perspect., 108 :827-831, 2000.
216. Negoita, S., Swamp, L., Kelley, B. and Carpenter, D.O. Chronic diseases surveillance of
St. Regis Mohawk health service patients. J. Public Health Management Practice, 7:84-91,
2001.
217. Hussain, R.J., Parsons, P.J., Carpenter, D.O. Effects of lead on long-term potentiation in
hippocampal CA3 vary with age. Dev. Brain Res., 121: 243-252, 2000.
218. Tanji, M., Katz, B.H., Spink, B.C. and Carpenter, D.O. Growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells
by estrogen is dependent upon a serum factor. Anticancer Res., 20: 2779-2784, 2000.
219. Tanji, M. and Carpenter, D.O. A steroid-binding protein mediates estrogen-dependent
inhibition of growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res., 20:2785-2790, 2000.
220. Gyori, J., Hussain, R., Carpenter, D.O. Long-term potentiation in CA1 region of rat brain
slices is blocked by PCB 153. Cent. Europ. J. Publ. Hlth., 8: 21-22, 2000.
221. Carpenter, D.O. Human health effects of polychlorinated biphenyls. Cent. Eur. J. Public
Health, 8: 23-24, 2000.
221a. Sukdolova, V., Negoita, S., Hubicki, L., DeCaprio, A., and Carpenter, D.O. The
assessment of risk to acquired hypothyroidism from exposure to PCBs: a study among
Akwesasne Mohawk women. Cent. Eur. J. Public Health, 8: 167-168, 2000.
222. Carpenter, D.O., Chew, F.T., Damstra, T., Lam, L.H., Landrigan, P.J., Makalinao, I.,
Peralta, G.L. and Suk, W.A. Environmental threats to the health of children: The Asian
perspective. Environ. Hlth. Perspect., 108: 989-992, 2000.
223. Boldyrev, A.A., Carpenter, D.O. and Johnson, P. Natural mechanisms of protection of
neurons against oxidative stress. Recent Res. Devel. Comparative Biochem. & Physiol. 1:
91-103, 2000.
224. Strominger, N.L., Hori, N., Carpenter, D.O., Tan, Y. and Folger W.H. Effects of
acetylcholine and GABA on neurons in the area postrema of Suncus murinus brainstem
slices. Neurosci. Letts. 309: 77-80, 2001.
225. Strominger, N.L., Brady, R., Gullikson, G. and Carpenter, D.O. Imiquimod-elicited emesis
is mediated by the area postrema, but not by direct neuronal activation. Brain Res. Bull.
55: 445-451, 2001.
226. Hori, N., Tan, Y., Strominger, N.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Intracellular activity of rat
spinal cord motoneurons in slices. J. Neurosci. Meth. 112: 185-191, 2001.
227. Sukocheva, O.A., Abramov, A.Y., Levitskaya, J.O., Gagelgans, A.I. and Carpenter,
D.O. Modulation of intracellular Ca concentration by vitamin B12 in rat thymocytes.
Blood Cells. Mol. Dis. 27: 812-824, 2001.
228. Gilbertson, M., Carpenter, D. and Upshur, R. Methodology for assessing community
health in Areas of Concern: Measuring the adverse effects on human health. Environ.
Health Perspect. 109 (Suppl 6): 811-812, 2001.
Page 41 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
229. Carpenter, D.O., Shen, Y., Nguyen, T., Le, L. and Lininger, L.L. Incidence of endocrine
disease among residents of New York Areas of Concern. Environ. Health Perspect. 109:
(Suppl 6) 845-851, 2001.
230. Suk, W.A., Carpenter, D.O., Cirkt, M. and Smerhovsky, Z. Metals in Eastern and Central
Europe: Health effects, sources of contamination and methods of remediation. Internat. J.
Occup. Med. Environ. Health 14, 151-156, 2001.
231. Carpenter, D.O. Effects of metals on the nervous system of humans and animals. Internat.
J Occup. Med. Environ. Health 14: 209-218, 2001.
232. Carpenter, D.O., Arcaro, K. and Spink, D.C. Understanding the human health effects of
chemical mixtures. Environ. Health Perspect. 110 (Suppl 1), 25-42, 2002.
233. Carpenter, D.O., Nguyen, T., Le, L., Kudyakov, R. and Lininger, L. Human disease in
relation to residence near hazardous waste sites. Proceedings of The 10th Pacific Basin
Conference on Hazardous Waste, Okayama, Japan, December 5-7, 2001.
234. Carpenter, D.O., Tarbell, A., Fitzgerald, E., Kadlec, M.J., O’Hehir, D.O. and Bush, B.
University-community partnership for the study of environmental contamination at
Akwesasne. In: Biomarkers of Environmentally Associated Disease, S.H. Wilson and
W.A. Suk, editors, CRC Press/Lewis Publishers, 507-523, 2002.
235. Carpenter, D.O., Hussain, R.J., Berger, D.F., Lombardo, J.P., Park, H-Y.
Electrophysiological and behavioral effects of perinatal and acute exposure of rats to lead
and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ. Health Perspect., 110: 377-386, 2002.
236. Hori, N., Tan, Y. King, M., Strominger, N.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Differential actions and
excitotoxicity of glutamate agonists on motoneurons in adult mouse cervical spinal cord
slices. Brain Res., 958: 434-438, 2002.
237. Laemle, L.K., Hori, N., Strominger, N.L., Tan, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. Physiological and
anatomical properties of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of an anophthalmic mouse. Brain
Res., 953: 73-81, 2002.
238. Hori, N., Tan, Y., Strominger, N.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Rat motoneuron cell death in
development correlates with loss of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Neurosci. Letts.,
330:131-134, 2002.
239. Carpenter, D.O., Morris, D.L. and Legator, M. Initial attempts to profile health effects
with types of exposure in Anniston, Alabama. FEB, 12: 191-195, 2003.
240. Carpenter, D.O., Nguyen, T., Le, L., Baibergenova, A. and Kudyakov, R. Profile of health
effects related to proximity to PCB-contaminated hazardous waste sites in New York. FEB,
12: 173-180, 2003.
241. Hori, N., Carp, J.S., Carpenter, D.O. and Akaike, N. Corticospinal transmission to
motoneurons in cervical spinal slices from adult rats. Life Sci., 72: 389-396, 2002.
242. Carpenter, D.O. and Hussain, R.J. Cell-to-cell communication of neurons is impaired by
metals. Mat.-wiss. U. Werkstofftech. 34: 1-8, 2003.
243. Tan, Y., Hori, N. and Carpenter, D.O. The mechanism of presynaptic long-lastingdepression
mediated by group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Cell. Molec.
Neurobiol., 23: 187-203, 2003.
244. Baibergenova, A., Kudyakov, R., Zdeb, M., and Carpenter, D.O. Low birth weight and
residential proximity to PCB-contaminated waste sites. Environ. Health Perspect., 111:
1352-1357, 2003.
245. Nishizaki, Y., Oyama, Y., Sakai, Y., Hirama, S., Tomita, K., Nakao, H., Umebayashi, C.,
Ishida, S., Okano, Y. and Carpenter, D.O. PbCl2-induced hyperpolarization of rat
Page 42 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
thymocytes: Involvement of charybdotoxin-sensitive K+ channels. Environ. Toxicol.,
18(5): 321-326, 2003.
246. Hussain, R.J. and Carpenter, D.O. The effects of protein kinase C activity on synaptic
transmission in two areas of rat hippocampus. Brain Res., 990: 28-37, 2003.
247. Suk, W.A., Ruchirawat, K., Balakrishnan, K., Berger, M., Carpenter, D., Damstra, T,.
Pronczuk de Garbino, J., Koh, D., Landrigan, P.J., Makalinao, I., Sly, P.D., Xu, Y. and
Zheng, B.S. Environmental threats to children=s health in Southeast Asia and the Western
Pacific. Environ. Health Perspect. 111: 1340, 2003.
248. Carpenter, D.O. The need for global environmental health policy. New Solutions, 13(1):
53-59, 2003.
249. Tan, Y., Li, D., Song, R., Lawrence, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Ortho-substituted PCBs kill
thymocytes. Toxicol. Sci., 76: 328-337, 2003.
250. Boldyrev, A., Bulygina, E., Carpenter, D.O. and Schoner, W. Glutamate receptors
communicate with Na+/K+-ATPase in rat cerebellum granule cells: Demonstration of
differences in the action of several metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate agonists on
intracellular reactive oxygen species and the sodium pump. J. Molec. Neurosci., 21:213-
222, 2003.
251. Hites, R.A., Foran, J.A., Carpenter, D.O., Hamilton, M.C., Knuth, B.A. and Schwager, S.J.
Global assessment of organic contaminants in farmed salmon. Science 303: 226-229,
2004.
252. Sandal, S., Yilmaz, B., Chen, C-H and Carpenter, D.O. Comparative effects of technical
toxaphene, 2,5-dichloro-3-biphenylol and octabromodiphenylether on cell viability, [Ca2+]i
levels and membrane fluidity in mouse thymocytes. Toxicol. Letts., 151: 417-428, 2004.
253. Tan, Y., Chen, C-H., Lawrence, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Ortho-substituted PCBs kill cells
by altering membrane structure. Toxicol. Sci., 80: 54-59, 2004.
254. Tan, Y., Song, R., Lawrence, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Ortho-substituted but not coplanar
PCBs rapidly kill cerebellular granule cells. Toxicol. Sci., 79: 147-156, 2004.
255. Ozcan, M., Yilmaz, B., King, W.M. and Carpenter, D.O. Hippocampal long-term
potentiation (LTP) is reduced by a coplanar PCB congener. NeuroToxicology, 25: 981-
988, 2004.
256. Ssempebwa, J.C., Carpenter, D.O., Yilmaz, B., DeCaprio, A.P., O=Hehir, D.J. and Arcaro,
K.F. Waste crankcase oil: an environmental contaminant with potential to modulate
estrogenic responses. J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth, Part A, 67: 1081-1094, 2004.
257. Foran, J.A., Hites, R.A., Carpenter, D.O., Hamilton, M.C., Mathews-Amos, A. and
Schwager, S.J. A survey of metals in tissues of farmed Atlantic and wild Pacific salmon.
Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 23: 2108-2110, 2004.
258. Oenga, G.N., Spink, D.C. and Carpenter, D.O. TCDD and PCBs inhibit breast cancer cell
proliferation in vitro. Toxicol. In Vitro, 18: 811-819, 2004.
259. Hussain, R.J. and Carpenter, D.O. A comparison of the roles of protein kinase C in longterm
potentiation in rat hippocampal areas CA1 and CA3. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 25:
649-661, 2005.
260. Hites, R.A., Foran, J.A., Schwager, S.J., Knuth, B.A., Hamilton, M.C. and Carpenter, D.O.
Global assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in farmed and wild salmon.
Organohalogen Compounds, 66: 3826-3829, 2004.
Page 43 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
261. Kudyakov, R., Baibergenova, A., Zdeb, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Respiratory disease in
relation to patient residence near to hazardous waste sites. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.,
18: 249-257, 2004.
262. Gilbertson, M. and Carpenter, D.O. An ecosystem approach to the health effects of
mercury in the Great Lakes basin ecosystem. Environ. Res. 95: 240-246, 2004.
263. Hites, R.A., Foran, J.A., Schwager, S.J., Knuth, B.A., Hamilton, M.C. and Carpenter, D.O.
Global assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in farmed and wild salmon.
Environ. Sci. Technol., 38: 4945-4949, 2004.
264. DeCaprio, A.P., Johnson, G.W., Tarbell, A.M., Carpenter, D.O. Chiarenzelli, J.R., Morse,
G.S., Santiago-Rivera, A.L., Schymura, M.J., and the Akwesasne Task Force on the
Environment. PCB exposure assessment by multivariate statistical analysis of serum
congener profiles in an adult Native American population. Environ. Res., 98: 284-302,
2005.
265. Boldyrev, A.A., Kazey, V.I., Leinsoo, T.A., Mashkina, A.P., Tyulina O.V., Tuneva, J.O.,
Chittur, S. and Carpenter, D.O. Rodent lymphocytes express functionally active glutamate
receptors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 324: 133-139, 2004.
266. Boldyrev, A.A., Koudinov, A., Berezov, T. and Carpenter, D.O. Amyloid-β induced cell
death is independent of free radicals. J. Alzheimer=s Dis., 6: 633-638, 2004.
267. Neagu, B., Strominger, N.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Use of bipolar parallel electrodes for
well-controlled microstimulation in a mouse hippocampal brain slice. J. Neurosci. Meth.,
144: 153-163, 2005.
268. Suk, W.A., Avakian, M.D., Carpenter, D., Groopman, J.D., Scammell, M. and Wild, C.P.
Human exposure monitoring and evaluation in the Arctic: The importance of understanding
exposures to the development of public health policy. Environ. Health Perspect. 112: 113-
120, 2004.
269. Neagu, B., Neagu, E.R., Strominger, N.L. and Carpenter, D.O. A new fast electrophysiological
response measured extracellularly in a mouse hippocampal brain slice.
Neurosci. Letts., 381: 179-184, 2005.
270. Sergeev, A.V. and Carpenter, D.O. Hospitalization rates for coronary heart disease in
relation to residence near areas contaminated with POPs and other pollutants. Environ.
Health Perspect., 113: 756-761, 2005.
271. Foran, J.A., Carpenter, D.O., Hamilton, M.C., Knuth, B.A. and Schwager, S.J. Risk-based
consumption advice for farmed Atlantic and wild Pacific salmon contaminated with
dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Environ. Health Perspect. 113: 552-556, 2005.
272. Shaw, S.D., Bourakovsky, A., Brenner, D., Carpenter, D.O., Tao, L., Kannan, K. and
Hong, C-S. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in farmed salmon from Maine and
Eastern Canada. In: Proceedings of 25th International Symposium on Halogenated
Environmental Organic Pollutants and POPs (DIOXIN 2005), August 21-26, 2005,
Toronto, Canada.
273. Carpenter, D.O., DeCaprio, A.P., O=Hehir, D., Akhtar, F., Johnson, G., Scrudato, R.J.,
Apatiki, L., Kava, J., Gologergen, J., Miller, P.K. and Eckstein, L. Polychlorinated
biphenyls in serum of the Siberian Yupik people from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Int. J.
Circumpolar Health, 64(4): 322-335, 2005.
274. Foran, J.A., Good, D.H., Carpenter, D.O., Hamilton, M.C., Knuth, B.A. and Schwager, S.J.
Quantitative analysis of the benefits and risks of consuming farmed and wild salmon. J.
Nutr 135: 2639-2643, 2005.
Page 44 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
275. Huang, X., Hites, R.A., Foran, J.A., Hamilton, C., Knuth, B.A., Schwager, S.J. and
Carpenter, D.O. Consumption advisories for salmon based on risk of cancer and noncancer
health effects. Environ. Res., 101: 263-274, 2006.
276. Shcherbatykh, I., Huang, X., Lessner, L. and Carpenter, D.O. Hazardous waste sites and
stroke in New York State. Environ. Health, 4:18, 2005.
277. Hamilton, M.C., Hites, R.A., Schwager, S.J., Foran, J.A., Knuth, B.A. and Carpenter, D.O.
Lipid composition and contaminants in farmed and wild salmon. Environ. Sci. Tech., 39:
8622-8629, 2005.
278. Yilmaz, B., Sandal, S., Chen, C-H. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of PCB 52 and PCB 77 on
cell viability, [Ca2+]i levels and membrane fluidity in mouse thymocytes. Toxicology, 217:
184-193, 2006.
279. Tan, Y., Hori, N., and Carpenter, D.O. Electrophysiological effects of three groups of
glutamate metabotropic receptors in rat piriform cortex. Cell. Molec. Neurobiol., 26: 915-
924, 2006.
280. Boldyrev, A.A., Carpenter, D.O. and Johnson, P.A., Emerging evidence for a similar role
of glutamate receptors in the nervous and immune systems. J. Neurochem., 95: 913-918,
2005.
281. Sandal, S., Yilmaz, B., Godekmerdan, A., Kelestimur, H. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of
PCBs 52 and 77 on Th1/Th2 balance in mouse thymocyte cell cultures.
Immunopharmacol. Immununotoxicol. 27: 601-613, 2005.
282. Carpenter, D.O. Environmental contaminants and learning and memory. International
Congress Series, 1287: 185-189, 2006.
283. Carpenter, D.O. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): Routes of exposure and effects on
human health. Rev. Environ. Health, 21: 1-23, 2006.
284. Huang, X., Lessner, L. and Carpenter, D.O. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and
hypertensive disease. Environ. Res., 102: 101-106, 2006.
285. Carpenter, D.O., El-Qaderi, S., Fayzieva, D., Gilani, A., Hambartsumyan, A., Herz, K.,
Isobaev, M., Kasymov, O., Kudyakov, R., Majitova, Z., Mamadov, E., Nemer, L., Revich,
B., Stege, P., Suk, W., Upshur, R., Yilmaz, B. and Zaineh K. Children’s environmental
health in Central Asia and the Middle East. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health, 12: 362-368,
2006.
286. King, W.M., Sarup, V., Sauve, Y., Moreland, C.M., Carpenter, D.O. and Sharma. S.C.
Expansion of visual receptive fields in experimental glaucoma. Visual Neurosci. 23: 137-
142, 2006.
287. Tuneva, J., Chittur, S., Boldyrev, A.A., Birman, I. and Carpenter, D.O. Cerebellar granule
cell death induced by aluminum. Neurotox. Res., 9: 297-304, 2006.
288. Trasande, L., Boscarino, J., Graber, N., Falk, R., Schechter, C., Dunkel, G., Geslani, J.,
Moline, J., Kaplan-Liss, E., Miller, R.K., Korfmacher, K., Carpenter, D., Balk, S.J.,
Laraque, D., Frumkin, H. and Landrigan, P.J. The environment in pediatric practice: A
study of New York pediatricians’ attitudes, beliefs, and practices towards children’s
environmental health. J. Urban Health, 2006, DOI: 10.1007/s11524-006-9071-4.
289. Surdu, S., Montoya, L.D., Tarbell, A. and Carpenter, D.O. Childhood asthma and indoor
allergens in Native Americans in New York. Environ. Health: A Global Access Science
Source, 5:22, 2006. DOI: 10.1186/1476-069X-5-22.
290. Ozcan M., Yilmaz, B. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of melatonin on synaptic transmission
and long term potentiation in two areas of mouse hippocampus. Brain Res., 1111: 90-94,
2006.
Page 45 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
291. Shaw, S.D., Brenner, D., Berger, M.L., Pulser, E.L., Carpenter, D.O., Hong, C-W and
Kannan K. PCBs, dioxin-like PCBs, dioxins, and organochlorine pesticides in farmed
salmon (Salmo salar) from Maine and Eastern Canada. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40: 5347-
5354, 2006.
292. Yilmaz, B., Ssempebwa J., Mackerer, C.R., Arcaro, K.F. and Carpenter, D.O. Effects of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-containing oil mixtures on generation of reactive oxygen
species and cell viability in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, Part A:
70: 1-8, 2007.
293. Kouznetsova, M., Huang, X., Ma, J., Lessner, L. and Carpenter, D.O. Increased rate of
hospitalization for diabetes and residential proximity of hazardous waste sites. Environ.
Health Perspect., 115:75-79, 2007.
294. Yilmaz, Y., Seyran, A.D., Sandal, S., Aydin, M., Colakoglu, N., Kocer, M. and Carpenter,
D.O. Modulatory effects of Aroclors 1221 and 1254 on bone turnover and vertebral
histology in intact and ovariectomized rats. Toxicology Letts., 166: 276-294, 2006.
295. Shcherbatykh, I. and Carpenter, D.O. The role of metals in the etiology of Alzheimer’s
disease. J. Alzheimer’s Dis., 11: 191-205, 2007.
296. Surdu S, Neamtiu I, Gurzau E, Kasler I and Carpenter D. Blood lead levels and hand lead
contamination in children ages 4-6 in Copsa Mica, Romania. In: Environmental Health in
Central and Eastern Europe. KC Donnelly and LH Cizmas, Eds. Springer Netherlands.
pp. 123-134, 2007.
297. Carpenter D.O. The importance of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. J Public
Health Policy 28: 216-220, 2007.
298. Codru N, Schymura MJ, Negoita S, the Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment, Rej R
and Carpenter DO. Diabetes in relation to serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides in adult Native Americans. Environ Health Perspect.
115: 1442-1447, 2007.
299. Carpenter DO. Biomarcadores de efectos neuroconductuales. Acta Toxicol Argent 14
(Suplemento): 11-12, 2006.
300. Hennig B, Ormsbee L, Bachas L, Silverstone A, Milner J, Carpenter D, Thompson C and
Suk WA . Introductory comments: nutrition, environmental toxins and implications in
prevention and intervention of human diseases. J Nutrit Biochem 189: 161-163, 2007.
301. Arnold R, Armour MA, Barich J, Cebrian M, Cifuentes L, Kirk D, Koh D, Lewis ND, Ling
B, Makalinao I, Maiden T, Paz-y-Mino C, Peralta G, Singh K, Sly P, Suk W, Woodward A,
Zheng B and Carpenter DO. Threats to human health and environmental sustainability in
the Pacific Basin: The 11th International Conference of the Pacific Basin Consortium.
Environ Health Perspect, 115: 1770-1775, 2007.
302. Parrish RR, Horstwood M, Arnason JG, Chenery S, Brewer T, Lloyd NS and Carpenter
DO (2008) Depleted uranium contamination by inhalation exposure and its detection after
approximately 25 years: Implications for health assessment. Sci Total Environ 390: 58-68.
303. Goncharov A, Haase RF, Santiago-Rivera A, Morse G, Akwesasne Task Force on the
Environment, McCaffrey RJ, Rej R and Carpenter DO. (2008) High serum PCBs are
associated with elevation of serum lipids and cardiovascular disease in a Native American
population. Environ Res. 106: 226-239.
304. Ma J, Kouznetsova M, Lessner L and Carpenter DO. Asthma and infectious respiratory
disease in children – correlation to residence near hazardous waste sites. Paediatr Respir
Rev 8: 292-298, 2007.
Page 46 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
305 Schell LM, Gallo MV, Denham M, Ravenscroft J, DeCaprio AP and Carpenter DO (2008)
Relationship of thyroid hormone levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, p,p’-DDE and
other toxicants in Akwesasne Mohawk youth. Environ Health Perspect. 116: 806-813.
306. Ssempebwa J and Carpenter DO (2009) The generation, use and disposal of waste
crankcase oil in developing countries: A case for Kampala District, Uganda. J Hazard
Materials 161: 835-841.
307. Carpenter DO (2008) Environmental contaminants as risk factors for developing diabetes.
Rev Environ Health 23: 59-74.
308. Shaw SD, Berger ML, Brenner D, Carpenter DO, Lao L, Hong CS and Kannan K (2008)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in farmed and wild salmon marketed in the
Northeastern United States. Chemosphere 71: 1422-1431.
309. Sandel S, Yilmaz B and Carpenter DO (2008) Genotoxic effects of PCB 52 and PCB 77
on cultured human peripheral lymphocytes. Mutation Res. 654: 88-92.
310. Carpenter DO and Sage C (2008) Setting prudent public health policy for electromagnetic
field exposures. Rev Environ Health 23: 91-117.
311. Neagu B, Strominger NL and Carpenter DO (2008) Contribution of NMDA receptormediated
component to the EPSP in mouse Schaffer collateral synapses under single pulse
stimulation protocol. Brain Res. 1240: 54-61.
312. Holdren J, Tao S and Carpenter DO (2008) Environment and health in the 21st Century:
Challenges and solutions. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1140:1-21.
313. Carpenter DO, Ma J and Lessner L (2008) Asthma and infectious respiratory disease in
relation to residence near hazardous waste sites. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1140: 201-208.
314. Sandal S, Tuneva J, Yilmaz B and Carpenter DO (2009) Effects of cholesterol and
docosahexaenoic acid on cell viability and (Ca2+)i levels in acutely isolated mouse
thymocytes. Cell Biochem Funct 27: 155-161.
315. Steele RE, de Leeuw, E and Carpenter DO (2009) A novel and effective treatment
modality for medically unexplained symptoms. J Pain Management 1: 402-412
316. Sage C and Carpenter DO (2009) Public health implications of wireless technologies.
Pathophysiology 16: 233-246.
317. Sly PD, Eskenazi B, Pronczuk J, Sram R, Diaz-Barriga F, Machin DG, Carpenter DO,
Surdu S and Meslin EM (2009) Ethical issues in measuring biomarkers in children’s
environmental health. Environ Health Perspect. 117: 1185-1190.
318. Goncharov A, Rej R, Negoita S, Schymura M, Santiago-Rivera A, Morse G, Akwesasne
Task Force on the Environment and Carpenter DO (2009) Lower serum testosterone
associated with elevated polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in Native American men.
Environ Health Perspect. 117:1454-1460.
319. Tuneva JO, Karpova LV, Shittur SV, Carpenter DO, Johnson P and Boldyrev AA (2009)
Amyloid-β and aluminum ions enhance neuronal damage mediated by NMDA-activated
glutamate receptors. Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell
Biology 4: 466-471.
320 Carpenter DO and Nevin R (2009) Environmental causes of violence. Physiol Behavior
99: 260-268.
321. Goncharov A, Bloom MS, Pavuk M, Carpenter DO for the Anniston Environmental Health
Research Consortium. (2009) Exposure to PCBs and hypertension in the Anniston
Community Health Survey. Organohal Comp 71: 0-136.
322. Sergeev AV and Carpenter DO (2010) Residential proximity to environmental sources of
persistent organic pollutants and first-time hospitalizations for myocardial infarction with
Page 47 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
comorbid diabetes mellitus: A 12-year population-based study. Int J Occup Med Environ
Health 23: 5-13.
323. Carpenter DO (2010) Electromagnetic fields and cancer: The cost of doing nothing. Rev
Environ Health 25: 75-80.
324. Sergeev AV and Carpenter DO (2010) Exposure to persistent organic pollutants increases
hospitalization rates for myocardial infarction with comorbid hypertension. Primary
Prevention Insights. 2: 1-9.
325. Hori N, Kadota MT, Watanabe M, Ito Y, Akaike N and Carpenter DO (2010) Neurotoxic
effects of methamphetamine on rat hippocampus pyramidal neurons. Cell Mol
Neurobiol.30: 849-856.
326. Hardell, S, Tilander H, Welfinger-Smith G and Carpenter DO (2010) Levels of
polycholorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and three organochlorine pesticides in fishes from the
Aleutian Islands of Alaska. PLoS ONE, 5:e12396.
327. Carpenter, DO. (2010) Human health effects of EMFs: The cost of doing nothing. IOP
Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 10: 012004. doi:10:1088/1755-
1315/10/1/10/012004.
328. Goncharov A, Bloom M, Pavuk M, Birman I and Carpenter DO for the Anniston
Environmental Health Research Consortium. Blood pressure and hypertension in relation
to levels of serum polychlorinated biphenyls in residents of Anniston, Alabama. J
Hypertension. 28: 2053-2060..
329. Prasad A, Ahs M, Goncharov A and Carpenter DO (2010) Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty
acids kill thymocytes and increase membrane fluidity. The Open Cell Development &
Biology Journal 3: 1-8
330. Sergeev AV and Carpenter DO (2010) Increased hospitalizations for ischemic stroke with
comorbid diabetes and residential proximity to source of organic pollutants: A 12-year
population-based study. Neuroepidemiology 35:196-201.
331. Prasad A, Bloom M and Carpenter DO (2010) Role of calcium and ROS in cell death
induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids in murine thymocytes. J Cell Physiol. 225: 829-
836.
332. Sergeev AV and Carpenter DO (2010) Geospatial patterns of hospitalization rates for
stroke with comorbid hypertension in relation to environmental sources of persistent
organic pollutants: Results from a 12-year population-based study. Environ Sci Pollut Res
Int 18: 576-585.
333. Brown D, Goncharov A, Paul E, Simonin H and Carpenter DO. (2010) The relationships
between Adirondack lake pH and levels of mercury in yellow perch. J Aquat Animal
Health. 22:280-290.
334. Gavidia T, Brune M-N, McCarty KM, Pronczuk J, Etzel R, Neira M, Carpenter DO, Suk
WA, Arnold RG, Ha EH, and Sly PD (2010) Children’s environmental health – from
knowledge to action. Lancet 377:1134-1136.
335. Bushkin-Bedient S and Carpenter DO (2010) Benefits versus risks associated with
consumption of fish and other seafood. Rev Environ Health 25: 161-191.
336. Goncharov A, Pavuk M, Foushee HR and Carpenter DO for the Anniston Environmental
Health Consortium (2010) Blood pressure in relation to concentrations of PCB congeners
and chlorinated pesticides. Environ Health Perspect. 119:319-325.
337. Yilmaz B, Sandal S and Carpenter DO (2010) PCB 9 exposure induces endothelial cell
death while increasing intracellular calcium and ROS levels. Environ Toxicol. In press.
doi: 10.1002/tox.20676.
Page 48 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
338. Sly PD, Arnold RG and Carpenter DO (2011) Environmental exposures in the era of
climate change. Rev Environ Health 26: 1-4.
339. Carpenter DO (2011) Health effects of persistent organic pollutants: The challenge for the
Pacific Basin and for the World. Rev Environ Health 26: 61-69.
340. Sergeev AV and Carpenter DO (2011) Increase in metabolic syndrome-related
hospitalizations in relation to environmental sources of persistent organic pollutants. Int J
Environ Res Public Health 8:762-776.
341. Carpenter DO, Miller PK, Waghiyi, Welfinger-Smith G (2011) Environmental
contamination of the Yupik people of St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. J Indigenous Res In
Press.
342. Carpenter DO (2010) Human health effects of EMFs: The cost of doing nothing. IOP C Ser
Earth Env 10:1-6.
343. Kamalov J, Carpenter DO, Birman I (2011) Cytotoxicity of environmentally relevant
concentrations of aluminum in murine thymocytes and lymphocytes. J Toxicol.
Doi:10.1155/2011/796719.
344. Silbernagel S, Carpenter DO, Gilbert SG, Gochfeld M, Groth E, Hightower JM, Schiavone
FM. (2011) Recognizing and preventing over exposure to methylmercury from fish and
seafood consumption: Information for physicians. J Toxicol, 2011;
doi:10.1155/2011/983072
345. Welfinger-Smith G, Minholz JL, Byrne S, Waghiyi V, Gologergen J, Kava J, Apatiki M,
Ungott E, Miller PK, Arnason J and Carpenter DO. (2011) Organochlorine and metal
contaminants in traditional foods from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. J Toxicol Environ
Health A. 74: 1-20.
346. Åhs M, Prasad A, Aminov Z and Carpenter DO (2011) Mechanisms of cell death of
thymocytes induced by polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and trans-fatty acids. J Cell.
Biochem. In press.
347. Boberg E, Lessner L and Carpenter DO. The role of residence near hazardous waste sites
containing benzene in the development of hematologic cancers in upstate New York. Int J
Occup Med Environ Health. In press.
348. Turyk ME, Bhazsar SP, Bowerman W, Boysen E, Clark M, Diamond M, Mergler D,
Pantazopoulos P, Schantz S and Carpenter DO (2011) Risks and benefits of consumption
of Great Lakes fish. Environ Health Perspect. In press.
349. Ma J, Lessner L, Schreiber J and Carpenter DO (2009) Association between residential
proximity to PERC dry cleaning establishments and kidney cancer in New York city. J
Environ Public Health doi:10.1155/2009/183920.
Books:
1. Cellular Pacemakers I: Mechanisms of Pacemaker Generation, David O. Carpenter, editor;
John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982.
2. Cellular Pacemakers II: Function in Normal and Disease States, David O. Carpenter,
editor; John Wiley & Sons, New York 1982.
3. Biologic Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Volume I: Sources and Mechanisms of
Biologic Effects, David O. Carpenter and Sinerik Ayrapetyan, editors; Academic Press,
California, 1994.
Page 49 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
4. Biologic Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Volume II: Beneficial and Harmful
Effects, David O. Carpenter and Sinerik Ayrapetyan, editors; Academic Press, California,
1994.
5. Environmental Challenges in the Pacific Basin, David O. Carpenter, ed. New York
Academy of Sciences, Vol 1140, 457 pp, 2008.
Reviews and Book Chapters:
1. Carpenter, D.O. Ionic mechanisms and models of endogenous discharge of Aplysia
neurons. Proceedings of the Symposium on Neurobiology of Invertebrates: Mechanisms
of Rhythm Regulation. Tihany, Hungary, August 2-5, 1971, Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, pp. 35-58, 1973.
2. Carpenter, D.O., Hovey, M.M. and Bak, A.F. Measurements of intracellular conductivity
in Aplysia neurons: Evidence for organization of water and ions. Ann. NY Acad. Sci.,
204:502-533, 1973.
3. Carpenter, D.O., Hubbard, J.H., Humphrey, D.R., Thompson, H.K. and Marshall, W.H.
CO2 effects on nerve cell function. In: Topics in Environmental Physiology and
Medicine: Carbon Dioxide and Metabolic Regulation. (Eds.: G. Nahas and K.A.
Schaefer), Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 49-62, 1974.
4. Parmentier, J. and Carpenter, D.O. Blocking action of snake venom neurotoxins at
receptor sites to putative central nervous system transmitters. In: Animal, Plant and
Microbial Toxins (Eds.: A. Ohaska, K. Hayashi, and Y. Sawai), Plenum Press, London,
Vol. 2, pp. 179-191, 1976.
5. Pierau, Fr.-K. and Carpenter, D.O. Metabolic control of peripheral temperature receptors
in the scrotal skin of the rat. Israel J. Med. Sci., 12:1044-1046, 1976.
6. Carpenter, D.O. Membrane Excitability: In: Mammalian Cell Membranes Vol. 4,
Membranes and Cellular Functions, (Eds.: G.A. Jamieson and D.M. Robinson),
Butterworth & Co., London, pp. 184-206, 1977.
7. Carpenter. D.O., Myers, P.R., Shain, W., Sinback, C.N. and Swann, J.W. Interchangeable
association of neurotransmitter receptors and ionophores in vertebrate and invertebrate
cells. Proc. Symposium: “Iontophoresis and Transmitter Mechanisms in the Mammalian
Central Nervous System”, Cambridge, England, Raven Press, pp. 203-205, 1978.
8. Carpenter, D.O., McCreery, M.J., Woodbury, C.M. and Yarowsky, P.J. Modulation of
endogenous discharge in neuron R-15 through specific receptors for several
neurotransmitters. In: Abnormal Neuronal Discharges, (Eds: N. Chalazonitis and M.
Boisson), Raven Press, New York, pp. 189-203, 1978.
9. Tsien, R.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Ionic mechanisms of pacemaker activity in cardiac
purkinje fibers. Fed. Proc., 37:2127-2131, 1978.
10. Kebabian, P.R., Kebabian, J.W. and Carpenter, D.O. Serotonin causes accumulation of
cyclic AMP in Aplysia hear. The Proceedings of the Fourth International Catecholamine
Symposium, (Eds: E. Usdin and I. Kopin), Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 1167-1169.
11. Braitman, D.J., Auker, C.R. and Carpenter, D.O. Direct and modulatory actions of
thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in sensorimotor cortex. Proc. EMBO Workshop on
Drug Receptors in the Central Nervous System, Weizman Institute of Science, Rehovot,
Israel, February 10-14, 1980.
Page 50 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
12. Carpenter, D.O. Ionic and metabolic bases of neuronal thermosensitivity. Fed. Proc.,
40:2808-2813, 1981.
13. Carpenter, D.O. and Reese, T.S. Chemistry and Physiology of Synaptic Transmissions.
In: Basic Neurochemistry, 3rd Edition, (Eds.: Siegel, Albers, Agranoff and Katzman),
Little, Brown and Company, pp. 161-168, 1981.
14. Shain, W. and Carpenter, D.O. Mechanisms of synaptic modulation. Intl. Rev.
Neurobiol., 22:205-247, 1981.
15. Wiederhold, M.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Possible Role of Pacemaker Mechanisms in
Sensory Systems. In: Cellular Pacemakers II: Function in Normal and Disease States,
(Ed.: D.O. Carpenter), John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 27-58, 1982.
16. Carpenter, D.O. The generator potential mechanism in cold afferents may be an
electrogenic sodium pump. Workshop on Mechanisms of Thermal Regulations. J. Therm.
Biol., 387-390, 1983.
17. Carpenter, D.O. and Gregg, R.A. Functional significance of electrogenic pumps in
neurons. In: Electrogenic transport: Fundamental Principles and Physiological
Implications, (Eds.: M. Blaustein and M. Liebermann), Raven Press, pp. 253-270, 1984.
18. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B. and Strominger, N. Behavioral and electrophysiological
studies of peptide-induced emesis in dogs. Fed. Proc., 43:16-18, 1984.
19. Coyle, J.T., Blakeley, R.D., Zaczeck, R., Ory-Lavollee, L., Koller, K., ffrench-Mullen,
J.M.H. and Carpenter, D.O. Acidic peptides in brain: Do they act at putative
glutamatergic synapses. In: Excitatory Amino Acids and Epilepsy, (Eds.: Y. Ben-Ari and
R. Schwarcz), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 375-384.
20. Carpenter, D.O., ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H., Hori, N., Sinback, C.N. and Shain, W.
Segregation of synaptic function on excitable cells. In: Neural Mechanisms of
Conditioning, (Eds.: D. Alkon and C.D. Woody), Plenum Press, NY, pp. 355-369, 1985.
21. Carpenter, D.O. and Hall, A.F. Responses of Aplysia cerebral ganglion neurons to leucine
enkephalin. In: Comparative Aspects of Opioid and Related Neuropeptide Mechanisms,
(Eds.: M. Leung and G. Stefano), CRC Press, pp. 49-57.
22. Zaczeck, R., Koller, K., Carpenter, D.O., Fisher, R., ffrench-Mullen, J.M.H. and Coyle,
J.T. Interactions of acidic peptides: Excitatory amino acid receptors. In: Excitatory
Amino Acids, (Ed.: P.J. Roberts), Macmillan, London, 1987.
23. Carpenter, D.O. Central nervous system mechanisms in deglutition and emesis. In:
Handbook of Physiology, Section 6: The Gastrointestinal System. Vol. I, Motility and
Circulation, (Ed.: J.D. Wood), American Physiological Society, Chapter 18, pp. 685-714,
1989.
24. Carpenter, D.O., Briggs, D.B. and Strominger, N. Mechanisms of radiation-induced
emesis in the dog. Pharmacol. Ther., 39:367-371, 1988.
25. Carpenter, D.O. Comparative biology of neurotransmitter functions. Biology
International, 15:2-9, 1987.
26. Carpenter, D.O. Electromagnetic Fields: Do We Know Enough to Act? In: Health and
Environmental Digest, Vol. 2, pp. 3-4, 1988.
27. Carpenter, D.O. The New York State Power Lines Project: Summary and Conclusions.
In: 20th Annual National Conference on Radiation Control, CRCPD Publication 88-6,
Nashville, Tennessee, May 15-19, 1988, pp. 399-409.
28. S.-Rozsa, K., Carpenter, D.O., Stefano, G.B. and Salanki, J. Distinct responses to opiate
peptides and FMRFamide on B-neurons of the Aplysia cerebral ganglia. In: Comparative
Page 51 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
Aspects of Neuropeptide Function, (Eds. E. Florey and G.B. Stefano), Manchester
University Press, Chapter 6, pp. 73-86, 1991.
29. Carpenter, D.O. A common mechanism of excitation of area postrema neurons by several
neuropeptides, hormones and monoamines. In: Comparative Aspects of Neuropeptide
Function, (Eds. E. Florey and G.B. Stefano) Manchester University Press, Chapter 21, pp.
260-270, 1991.
30. Carpenter, D. O., Hirotsu, I., Katsuda, N. and Hori, N. The effects of acetylcholine and
aging on electrical excitability of the central nervous system. In: Neuroregulatory
Mechanisms in Aging, Pergamon Press LTD, pp. 5-23, 1993.
31. Turner, J.N., Swann, J.W., Szarowski, D.H., Smith, K.L., Shain, W., Carpenter, D.O. and
Fejtl, M. Three-dimensional confocal light and electron microscopy of neurons:
fluorescent and reflection stains. Methods in Cell Biology, 38:345-366, 1993.
32. Deno, D. and Carpenter, D.O. Sources and characteristics of electric and magnetic fields
in the environment. In: Biologic Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Volume I:
Sources and Mechanisms of Biologic Effects, David O. Carpenter and Sinerik Ayrapetyan,
editors, Academic Press, California, pp. 3-59, 1994.
33. Carpenter, D.O. The public health implications of magnetic field effects on biological
systems. In: Biologic Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Volume II: Beneficial and
Harmful Effects, David O. Carpenter and Sinerik Ayrapetyan, editors, Academic Press,
California, pp. 321-329, 1994.
34. Carpenter, D.O. Multidisciplinary study of hazardous wastes at a Great Lakes Superfund
Site. Great Lakes Research Review, 1: 37-39, 1994.
35. Fejtl, M. and Carpenter, D.O. Single-channel studies in molluscan neurons. In: Ion
Channels, Vol. 4, Toshio Narahashi, ed., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 333-376, 1996.
36. Turner, J.N., Swann, J.W., Szarowski, D.H., Smith, K.L., Shain, W., Carpenter, D.O. and
Fejtl, M. Three-dimensional confocal light and electron microscopy of central nervous
system tissue, and neurons and glia in culture. In: International Review of Experimental
Pathology, V.J. Savin and T.B. Wiegmann, editors, Volume 36, Academic Press, pp. 53-
72, 1996.
37. Boldyrev, A., Lawrence, D. and Carpenter, D. Effect of carnosine and its natural
derivatives on apoptosis of neurons induced by excitotoxic compounds. In: Peptide
Science-Present and Future, Y. Shimonishi, editor, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Great
Britain, pp. 424-426, 1998.
38. Carpenter, D.O., Hussain, R., Tan, Y., Niemi, W. and Hori, N. Long-term potentiation
and long-term depression: Relevance to learning and memory. In: Modern Problems of
Cellular and Molecular Biophysics. S.N. Ayrapetyan and A.C.T. North, editors, Nayan
Tapan, pp. 83-94, 2001.
1. Carpenter, D.O. NMDA receptors and molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity. In:
Oxidative Stress at Molecular, Cellular and Organ Levels, A. Boldyrev and P. Johnson,
editors, Research Signpost, pp. 77-88, 2002.
2. Carpenter, D.O. Clearing the air: Asthma an indoor exposure. JNMA 96: 1-2, 2004.
41. Carpenter DO. Environmental contaminants and human health: The health effects of
persistent toxic substances. Firat Tip Dergisi 10: ____: 2005.
42. Hermanson MH, Johnson GW and Carpenter DO. Routes of human exposure to PCBs in
Anniston, Alabama. ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, 232rd National Meeting,
46: 1117-1122, 2006
Page 52 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
43. Carpenter DO and Welfinger-Smith G. The Hudson River: A case study of PCB
contamination. In: Water and Sanitation-Related diseases and the Environment:
Challenges, Interventions, and Preventative Measures. Janine M.H. Selendy, Ed., Wiley
& Sons, Inc. 2011, pp 303-327.
44. Welfinger-Smith G and Carpenter DO. Addressing sources of PCBs and other chemical
pollutants in water. In: Water and Sanitation-Related diseases and the Environment:
Challenges, Interventions, and Preventative Measures. Janine M.H. Selendy, Ed., Wiley
& Sons, Inc. 2011, pp 359-384.
Other Publications:
1. Barker, J.L. and Carpenter, D.O. Neuronal thermosensitivity. Science, 172:1361-1362,
1971.
2. Carpenter, D.O. Cellular Pacemakers. Fed. Proc., 37:2125-2126, 1978.
3. Carpenter, D.O. Membrane biophysics and general neurobiology in Japan. ONR Tokyo
Scientific Bulletin, 3:23-27, 1978.
4. Carpenter, D.O. Research on the primate nervous system in Japan. ONR Tokyo Scientific
Bulletin, 3:28-32, 1978.
5. Carpenter, D.O. Report on the Sixth International Biophysics Congress, Kyoto, Japan.
ONR Tokyo Scientific Bulletin, 3:38-40, 1978.
6. Carpenter, D.O. Interchangeable association of neurotransmitter receptors with several
ionophores. Brain Research Bulletin, 4:149-152, 1978.
7. Carpenter, D.O. and Ahlbom, A. Power lines and cancer: Public health and policy
implications. Forum, 3:96-101, 1988.
8. Carpenter, D.O. Setting Health Policy When the Science and the Risk are Uncertain. In:
The Scientific Basis of Health Policy in the 1990s, Proceedings of the School of Public
Health’s Fifth Anniversary Symposium, 54-63, 1990.
9. Carpenter, D.O. Integrating public health in professional education. Optometry and
Vision Science, 70: 699-702, 1993.
10. Bowerman, W.W., Carey, J., Carpenter, D.O., Colborn, T., DeRosa, C., Fournier, M., Fox,
G.A., Gibson, B.L., Gilbertson, M., Henshel, D., McMaster, S. and Upshur, R. Is it time for
a Great Lakes Ecosystem Agreement separate from the Great Lakes Water Quality
Agreement? J. Great Lakes Res. 25:237-238, 1999.
11. Carpenter, D.O. Editorial Comment of APrimary hypoxic tolerance and chemical
preconditioning during estrus cycle@. Stroke, 30:1262, 1999.
12. Carpenter, D.O. Bring environmental health back into public Health. J. Pub. Health
Mgmt. Pract., 5:vii-viii, 1999.
13. Carpenter, D.O. Should children and women of childbearing age eat Great Lakes fish?
Great Lakes Commission Advisor, 13: 8, 2000.
14. Hites, R.A., Foran, J.A., Schwager, S.J., Knuth, B.A., Hamilton, M.C. and Carpenter, D.O.
Response to comment on AGlobal Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in
Farmed and Wild Salmon@. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39: 379-380.
15. Carpenter, D.O. Blood lead and IQ in older children. Letter to the editor. Environ. Health
Perspect., 113: A581-A582, 2005.
Page 53 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
16. Foran, J.A., Carpenter, D.O., Good, D.H., Hamilton, M.C., Hites, R.A., Knuth, B.A. and
Schwager, S.J. Risks and benefits of seafood consumption. Letter to the editor. Am. J.
Prev. Med. 30: 438-439, 2006.
PREVIOUS DEPOSITIONS AND TESTIMONY (past seven years):
Antonia Tolbert et al. vs. Monsanto Company, Pharmacia Corp., and Solutia Inc.,
deposed for the plaintiffs, 21-22 January 2003. Mark Englehart, Attorney 334-269-2343.
Aaron et al. vs. Chicago Housing Authority et al., deposed for the plaintiffs, 5-6 March
2003.
Kellum et al., vs. Kuhlman Corporation, deposed for the plaintiffs, 4 September 2004.
Doublas Mercier, Attorney, 601-914-2882.
Allgood et al. vs. General Motors Corporation, deposed for the plaintiffs, 8-10 December
2004. Brian J. Leinbach, Attorney. 310-552-3800.
Maggie T. Williams et al. vs. Kuhlman Corporation, deposed for the plaintiffs, 1
February and 25 February 2005. Douglas Mercier, Attorney, 601-914-2882.
Solutia Inc. et al., Debtors, vs. Monsanto Company and Pharmacia Corporation; deposed
for the plaintiffs, 12 September 2006. Samuel E. Stubbs, Attorney; 713-425-7345.
Charles W. Adams, et al., vs. Cooper Industries, Inc. et al., deposed for the plaintiffs, 28-
29 September 2006. Donna Keene Holt, Attorney. 865-212-3294.
Arthur D. Dyer et al. vs. Waste Management et al., deposed for the plaintiffs, 2
November 2006. Mark L. Thomsen, Attorney. Cannon & Dunply, Brookfield, WI 53008.
Clopten et al. vs. Monsanto, deposed for the plaintiffs, 31 January 2007. Robert Roden,
Attorney. 406-525-2665.
Marty Paulson et al. vs. Monsanto, deposed for the plaintiffs, 7 August 2007. Torger
Oaas, Attorney. 406-525-2665.
John Edward Martinez and Gladys Yolanda Martinez vs. Entergy Corporation et al.,
deposed for the plaintiffs, 16 April 2008. Julie Jacobs, Attorney. 504-566-1704.
Fannie Wayne et al. vs. Pharmacia Corporation, et al., deposed for the plaintiffs, 29
October 2008. John E. Norris, Attorney. 205-541-7759.
Fannie Wayne et al. vs. Pharmacia Corporation et al., testified for the plaintiffs, 31
March-1 April, 2009. John E. Norris, Attorney. 205-541-7759.
Clement Passariello, et al., vs. CL&P, et al.; William Korzon, et al., vs. CL&P, et al.;
Louis Gherlone et al., vs. CL&P, et al.; and William Ho, et al., vs. CL&P et al., deposed for the
plaintiffs, 13 April 2009. Benson A. Snaider, Attorney. 203-777-6426.
Before the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, docket No A-2009-2082652, et al.
Testified on behalf of the Saw Creek Estates Community Association, 2 September 2009. Paul
M. Schmidt, Attorney. 215-569-2800 x161.
James Alford et al. v. Kuhlman Corporation, et al., pending in the USDC, Southern
District of Mississippi, Deposed for plaintiffs, 20 August 2009. Shiela Bossier, Attorney. 601-
352-5450
Fannie Wayne et al. v. Pharmacia Corporation. Deposed for plaintiffs, 23 September
2009, Timothy C. Davis, Attorney. 205-327-9115.
Before the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission in the matter of the route permit
application by Great river energy and Xcel Energy for a 345 kV transmission line from
Brookings County, South Dakota to Hampton, Minnesota. Testified for plaintiffs, 16 December
Page 54 – Amended Declaration of Dr. David O. Carpenter, M.D.
2009. Paula Maccabee, Attorney. 651-775-7128.
Highland Lakes Estates et al.v. Republic Services of Florida et al., Deposed for the
plaintiffs, 23 April 2010. John W. Frost II, Attorney. 863-533-8985.
Zina G. Bibb, et al. v Monsanto Company et al. Deposed for plaintiffs, 28 April 2010.
W. Stuart Calwell, Attorney, 304-343-4323.
Highland Lakes Estates et al., v. Republic Services of Florida et al., Testified for the
plaintiffs, 13 May 2010.
Nora Williams, et al., v. City of Jacksonville, et al. Deposed for the plaintiffs.15 July
2010. Samuel W. Wethern, Attorney.
Ronald Cybart et al., Michael Campanelli, and Donald and Theresa Shea, et al.v. CL&P.
Deposed for the plaintiffs. 15 July 2011. Benson A. Snaider, Attorney.
Maria Snoops vs. Lyon Associates, Inc. and Insurance Co of the state of Pennsylvania.
Deposed for the plaintiff, 1 November 2011. Matthew J. Witteman, Attorney. 415-363-3106.
John Edward Martinez and Gladys Yolanda Martinez v. Entergy Corporation, et al.,
Deposed for the plaintiff, 19 December 2011. J. Patrick Connick, Attorney. 504-347-4535.
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